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To interrogate potential substrates of the relationship between cerebellar structure and memory in aging, here we target the Purkinje cells (PCs). The sole output neurons of the cerebellum, PC loss and\/or degeneration underlie a variety of behavioral abnormalities. Using a rat model of normal cognitive aging, we immunostained sections through the cerebellum for the PC\u2010specific protein, calbindin\u2010D28k. Although morphometric quantification revealed no significant difference in total PC number as a function of age or cognitive status, regional cell number was a more robust correlate of memory performance in the young cerebellum than in aged animals. Parallel biochemical analysis of PC\u2010specific protein levels in whole cerebellum additionally revealed that calbindin\u2010D28k and Purkinje cell protein\u20102 (pcp\u20102) levels were lower selectively in aged rats with spatial memory impairment compared to both young animals and aged rats with intact memory. These results suggest that cognitive aging is associated with cerebellum vulnerability, potentially reflecting disruption of the cerebellum\u2014medial temporal lobe network.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.25610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,12]],"date-time":"2024-04-12T00:40:10Z","timestamp":1712882410000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cerebellum Purkinje cell vulnerability in aged rats with memory impairment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"532","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3384-706X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C'iana P.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurocognitive Aging Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liam 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