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The system comprises distributed sense organs called neuromasts and their afferent nerves, organized into anterior lateral lines around the eye and jaw and posterior lateral lines (LL) on the trunk. At postembryonic stages, early forming neuromasts expand in size and sink into bony canals, while late\u2010forming superficial neuromasts are added as the fish grows. Unlike the well\u2010studied zebrafish posterior LL, details of anterior LL postembryonic development remain unknown. Here, we have characterized developmental mechanisms and innervation patterns driving expansion of the zebrafish anterior LL. Using tissue\u2010clearing to observe neuromast and nerve markers through ontogeny,\u00a0we demonstrate continuous neuromast addition in the anterior LL, with peak rates at larval stages of 7\u201310\u00a0mm standard length (SL). Lines of superficial neuromasts form parallel to existing lines of presumptive canal neuromasts as late as 7\u00a0mm SL, with new neuromasts added through migration of new primordia, budding, intercalation, and a novel \u201chybrid\u2010origin\u201d mechanism. Despite some canal lines being innervated by the anterodorsal ganglion, all superficial lines are innervated by the anteroventral ganglion. Anterior LL ganglion ablation reveals that denervation abrogates superficial neuromast formation\u2014including via the hybrid\u2010origin mechanism\u2014and reduces growth of canal neuromasts. While the anterior and posterior LL use disparate developmental mechanisms, innervation is critical to the expansion of both. Our findings reveal a \u201cdevelopmental switch\u201d at 7\u00a0mm SL, when innervation becomes necessary for a secondary phase of anterior LL development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.70132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T09:20:52Z","timestamp":1769073652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Innervation Drives Postembryonic Expansion of the Zebrafish Anterior Lateral Line System"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"534","author":[{"given":"Theresa J.","family":"Christiansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology &amp; Anatomy The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishruth","family":"Venkataraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology &amp; Anatomy The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria E.","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology &amp; Anatomy The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois 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