{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:54:04Z","timestamp":1791338044377,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6028,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The projections of the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) were examined by making injections of the anterogradely transported lectin\n                    <jats:italic>Phaseolus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    leucoagglutinin (PHA\u2010L) into the MPN and charting the distribution of labeled fibers. The evidence indicates that the MPN projects extensively to widely distributed regions in both the forebrain and brainstem, most of which also supply inputs to the nucleus. An important neuroendocrine role for the MPN is underscored by its extensive projections to almost all parts of the periventricular zone of the hypothalamus, including the anteroventral periventricular, anterior part of the periventricular, paraventricular (PVH), and arcuate nuclei, and a role in autonomic mechanisms is indicated by projections to such regions as the dorsal and lateral parvicellular parts of the PVH, the lateral parabrachial nucleus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Other projections of the MPN suggest participation in the initiation of specific motivated behaviors. For example, inputs to two nuclei of the medial zone of the hypothalamus, the ventromedial and dorsomedial nuclei, may be related to the control of reproductive and ingestive behaviors, respectively, although the possible functional significance of a strong projection to the ventral premammillary nucleus is presently unclear. The execution of these behaviors may involve activation of somatomotor regions via projections to the substantia innominata, zona incerta, ventral tegmental area, and pedunculopontine nucleus. Similarly, inputs to other regions that project directly to the spinal cord, such as the periaqueductal gray, the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus, certain medullary raphe nuclei, and the magnocellular reticular nucleus may also be involved in modulating somatic and\/or autonomic reflexes. Finally, the MPN may influence a wide variety of physiological mechanisms and behaviors through its massive projections to areas like the ventral part of the lateral septal nucleus, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the lateral hypothalamic area, the supramammillary nucleus, and the ventral tegmental area, all of which have extensive connections with regions along the medial forebrain bundle.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Although the PHA\u2010L method does not allow a clear demonstration of possible differential projections from each subdivision of the MPN, our results suggest that each of them does give rise to a unique pattern of outputs. This pattern of projections was found to be essentially the same in female rats and appears to be unique to the MPN, since injections of PHA\u2010L into the lateral preoptic or anterior hypothalamic areas, or into other nuclei within the medial preoptic area showed quite different patterns of outputs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902700205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T13:51:18Z","timestamp":1104587478000},"page":"209-242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":507,"title":["Projections of the medial preoptic nucleus: A\n                    <i>Phaseolus vulgaris<\/i>\n                    leucoagglutinin anterograde tract\u2010tracing study in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"270","author":[{"given":"R. B.","family":"Simerly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. W.","family":"Swanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90291-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1164","article-title":"Estradiol concentration by hypothalamic and limbic neurons which project to the medial preoptic nucleus","volume":"13","author":"Akesson T. R.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Endocrine Correlates of Reproduction","author":"Arai Y.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(08)61263-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(82)90157-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(81)90227-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/29.7.6167611"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy. Vol. 2, part I","author":"Bj\u00f6rklund A.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"87","volume-title":"The Rat Nervous System. Vol. 1, Forebrain and Midbrain","author":"Bleier R.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902120203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"2843","article-title":"Hypothalamic mechanisms in thermoregulation","volume":"40","author":"Boulant J. A.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Fed. Proc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480170304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"827","article-title":"Efferent connections of the medial preoptic region in the rat","volume":"11","author":"Brown E. R.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(85)90091-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"73","volume-title":"Reviews of Neuroscience","author":"Clemens L. G.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","series-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","first-page":"283","volume-title":"Neurotensin, a Brain and Gastrointestinal Peptide","author":"Clineschmidt B. V.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(76)90060-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901690205"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of monoamine\u2010containing neurons in the central nervous system. I. Demonstration of monamines in the cell bodies of brainstem neurons","volume":"232","author":"Dahlstr\u00f6m A.","year":"1964","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Scand."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000122519","article-title":"Efferent projection of the nucleus Praeopticus Medialis to the median eminence in rats","volume":"21","author":"Daikoku S.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(80)90185-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901460303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"185","volume-title":"Sex Differences in the Brain. Progress in Brain Research","author":"DeVries G. J.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1020287","article-title":"Varying sensitivity to the negative oestrogen feedback during the ovarian cycle of female rate: Evidence for the involvement of oestrogen and the medial preoptic area","volume":"102","author":"D\u00f6cke F.","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(82)90388-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1973.sp010352","article-title":"An electrophysiological dissection of the hypothalamic regions, which regulate the pre\u2010ovulatory secretion of luteinizing hormone in the rat","volume":"234","author":"Dyer B. G.","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Lond.)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902470307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"129","volume-title":"The Rat Nervous System","author":"Faull R. L.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(84)90012-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)90940-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.48.030186.003115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90723-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901930214"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900430102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)90843-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0035938"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology. Vol. 7, Reproduction","author":"Hart B. L.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90877-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901770405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901730107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Vegetative Funktionen und Zwischenhirn","author":"Hess W. R.","year":"1947"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-01-00040.1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0030202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/29.11.6172466"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/29.4.6166661"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000124621"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-06859-3_8","volume-title":"Histology","author":"Jones E. G.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1935.02250230003001","article-title":"Electrical stimulation of points in the forebrain and midbrain: The resultant alterations in blood pressure","volume":"34","author":"Kabat H.","year":"1935","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-4-4-311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902090307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(82)90028-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(82)90027-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00239785","article-title":"Direct neural connection from the medial preoptic ara to the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of the rat","volume":"25","author":"K\u00f6ves K.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","first-page":"77","volume-title":"Endocrine Control of Sexual Behavior","author":"Larsson K.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-111-1-55"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)90334-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902280103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Circumventricular Organs and Body Fluids","author":"Lind R. W.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902100306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)90584-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(82)90401-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90143-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(86)90135-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","first-page":"1164","article-title":"Differential distribution of estrogen and androgen concentrating cells in the rat medial preoptic area","volume":"13","author":"Micevych P. E.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902480206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(69)90161-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Limbic\u2010motor integration","volume":"12","author":"Mogenson G. J.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Prog. Psychobiol. Physiol. Psychol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.03-01-00189.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902010409"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology","author":"Neill J. D.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","first-page":"187","article-title":"Distinguishing rat brainstem reticulospinal nuclei by their neuronal morphology. I. Medullary nuclei","volume":"26","author":"Newman D. B.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Hirnforsch."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","first-page":"385","article-title":"Distinguishing rat brainstem reticulospinal nuclei by their neuronal morphology, II. Pontine and mesencephalic nuclei","volume":"26","author":"Newman D. B.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Hirnforsch."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","first-page":"537","volume-title":"Handbook of Behavioral Neurobiology. Vol. 7, Reproduction","author":"Numan M.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902370411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901940113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","first-page":"302","volume-title":"Neural and vascular connections between the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis and preoptic nuclei. In Brain\u2010Endocrine Interaction IH. Neural Hormones and Reproduction, 3rd Int. Symp","author":"Palkovits M.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-117-1-382"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-8084-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901510204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02322411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_82_1","first-page":"593","volume-title":"Handbook of the Hypothalamus. Vol. I, Anatomy of the Hypothalamus","author":"Renaud L. P.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3454(08)60096-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235806"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901820402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_86_1","first-page":"120","volume-title":"Anatomical Neuroendocrinology","author":"Sar M.","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-4407-0_2","volume-title":"Limbic and Autonomic System Research","author":"Satinoff E.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(78)90092-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(78)90089-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(83)90129-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902180202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902370108"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902260102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00239302","article-title":"Ascending and descending components of the medial forebrain bundle in the rat as demonstrated by horseradish peroxidase\u2010blue reaction","volume":"39","author":"Shiosaka S.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902460305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_96_1","first-page":"1228","article-title":"Bidirectional pathways between the medial preoptic nucleus and other sexually dimorphic nuclei","volume":"11","author":"Simerly R. B.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_97_1","first-page":"1252","article-title":"The efferent connections of the medial preoptic nucleus","volume":"12","author":"Simerly R. B.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902460304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90649-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902250202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90777-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000124122"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901670207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(82)90145-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_105_1","first-page":"317","volume-title":"Handbook of Physiology. Vol. IV, The Nervous System","author":"Swanson L. W.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_106_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of Chemical Neuroanatomy, Integrated Systems","author":"Swanson L. W.","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4684-3084-4_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901860408"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901940306"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(81)90010-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)90827-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90995-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.06.030183.001413"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90821-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(79)91037-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_116_1","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Handbook of the Hypothalamus. Vol. 2, Physiology of the Hypothalamus","author":"Vale W.","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902240102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(82)90272-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_119_1","first-page":"610","article-title":"The afferent connections of the periventricular medial preoptic nucleus (MPN): A sexually dimorphic substrate for ovulation and phasic gonadotropin release in the rat","volume":"10","author":"Wiegand S. J.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abstr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901920102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000123335"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_122_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Advances in Anatomy, Embryology, and cell Biology","author":"Z\u00e1borszky L.","year":"1982"}],"container-title":["Journal of Comparative Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcne.902700205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cne.902700205","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T11:22:34Z","timestamp":1697973754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cne.902700205"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,4,8]]},"references-count":121,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,4,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cne.902700205"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.902700205","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9967","1096-9861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9967","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,4,8]]}}}