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In control rats (i.e., sham operated) virtually all the motoneurons of the XII nucleus displayed intense immunolabeling for ChAT and were devoid of NGFr immunoreactivity. As early as 3 days post\u2010operative the intensity and the number of ChAT\u2010labeled neurons were reduced on the axotomized side compared to the non\u2010lesioned side. This decrease was maximal approximately two weeks post\u2010operative when virtually no ChAT\u2010labeled cells were present on the lesioned side. In contrast, no loss of hypoglossal neurons was found using Nissl stains. This absence of ChAT immunolabeling persisted for several days, yet by 30 days many of the motoneurons had begun to re\u2010express the enzyme.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In contrast to the decrease in ChAT immunoreactivity, transection of the XII nerve also resulted in the expression of NGFr immunoreactivity within the lesioned motoneurons. This response was detected as early as one day post\u2010operatively and continued throughout all time points thus far examined including times after many of the motoneurons had begun to re\u2010express ChAT.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Crushing of the XII nerve effected the expression of ChAT and NGFr in a manner comparable to, yet less intense than, that observed following transection.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Ricin injected directly into the XII nerve resulted in the loss of hypoglossal motoneurons as demonstrated both in immunohistochemical and Nissl\u2010stained tissue preparations. The cell loss was readily apparent 3 days post\u2010operatively, and ChAT immunoreactivity permanently disappeared. NGFr immunolabeling was seen only in scattered surviving neurons but not in ricin poisoned cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The possible mechanisms underlying the differential expression of ChAT and NGFr are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903040407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T19:48:55Z","timestamp":1104608935000},"page":"596-607","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Expression of choline acetyltransferase and nerve growth factor receptor within hypoglossal motoneurons following nerve injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"304","author":[{"given":"David M.","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roseann","family":"Brady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis B.","family":"Hersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert C.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald G.","family":"Wiley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(88)90163-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901930111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4886(84)90168-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902160106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902640309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490200302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"133","article-title":"Co\u2010localization of choline acetyltransferase and tyrosine hydroxylase within neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus","volume":"3","author":"Armstrong D. 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