{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:35:16Z","timestamp":1789803316652,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4658,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunohistochemical visualization of Fos protein, the nuclear phosphoprotein product of the early\u2010immediate gene <jats:italic>c\u2010fos<\/jats:italic>, permits identification of populations of neurons that are activated in response to a variety of stimuli. This study examined the distribution of Fos\u2010like immunoreactive (FLI) neurons in the spinal cord and the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) of the caudal medulla evoked by a noxious visceral stimulus in the unanesthetized rat. It also compared the inhibition of pain behavior and Fos expression by a m\u0308\u2010selective opioid agonist, morphine, and a k\u2010selective opioid agonist, U\u201050,488. Intraperitoneal injection of 3.5% acetic acid in the unanesthetized rat evoked the expression of FLI in a discrete population of spinal cord neurons, the distribution of which closely mirrored the spinal terminations of visceral primary afferents. Specifically, FLI neurons were concentrated in laminae I, IIo, V, VII, and X. Large numbers of Fos\u2010immunoreactive neurons were also present in the NTS of the caudal medulla, most likely as a result of spinosolitary tract and vagal afferent input. The number of labeled neurons in both the spinal cord and the NTS was significantly correlated with the number of abdominal stretches, a pain behavior measure. Both morphine (1\u201310 mg\/kg s.c.) and U\u201050,488 (3\u201330 mg\/kg s.c.) produced a dose\u2010dependent inhibition of the pain behavior in these animals and a dose\u2010dependent suppression of the number of FLI neurons in both the spinal cord and in the NTS; complete suppression of FLI neurons was, however, not necessary for the production of antinociception. Furthermore, although equianalgesic doses of morphine and U\u201050,488 reduced the number of labelled neurons in the spinal cord to a comparable extent, morphine reduced the number of immunoreactive neurons in the NTS to a greater extent than did U\u201050,488. These results suggest that morphine and U\u201050,488 have comparable effects on the transmission of visceral nociceptive messages by spinal neurons, but differentially affect the autonomic response to noxious visceral stimuli.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903150210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T22:52:57Z","timestamp":1104619977000},"page":"244-253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":165,"title":["Morphine or U\u201050,488 suppresses fos protein\u2010like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord and nucleus tractus solitarii evoked by a noxious visceral stimulus in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"315","author":[{"given":"Donna L.","family":"Hammond","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Presley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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