{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T21:15:23Z","timestamp":1790370923786,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4620,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The avian Edinger Westphal nucleus, through the ciliary ganglion, controls accommodation, iris constriction, and blood flow through the choroid. In live brainstem slices, the nucleus is easily identifiable as an olive\u2010shaped cluster of neurons dorsal to the oculomotor nerve and nucleus. Intracellular recordings from neurons in the nucleus identified two classes of responses to sustained (300 to 500 ms) injections of depolarizing current. One set of cells fired action potentials for the duration of the pulse while a second set of cells fired action potentials only transiently, during the first 50 to 100 ms, after which they remained silent regardless of the size of the depolarization.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Intracellular recordings followed by injections of the fluorescent dye lucifer yellow revealed that repetitively firing cells were located in the lateral half of the nucleus while non\u2010repetitively or transiently firing cells were located in the medial half. These locations correspond to different Edinger Westphal subdivisions which have distinct inputs and target populations. The varying firing patterns are discussed with reference to the known functions of the subdivisions in which they occur.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Replacement of calcium by magnesium in the extracellular medium had no effect on the number of action potentials fired by non\u2010repetitively firing cells, suggesting that a calcium\u2010activated potassium current is not responsible for suppressing repetitive firing in these cells. In contrast, in repetitively firing cells removal of extracellular calcium increased the frequency of action potential discharge and decreased the amplitude of afterhyperpolarizations following single action potentials. Addition of cadmium to the bath medium had similar effects. This suggests the presence of a significant calcium\u2010activated potassium current and involvement of this current in regulating the frequency of action potential discharge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903160303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T22:55:13Z","timestamp":1104620113000},"page":"279-286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Repetitive firing properties in subpopulations of the chick Edinger Westphal nucleus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"316","author":[{"given":"Joanne T.","family":"Fujii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014357"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1401680109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Dryer S.(1985)Electrophysiological analysis of avian autonomic ganglia. 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