{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:55:29Z","timestamp":1790664929807,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4591,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cholinergic innervation of the cerebellar cortex of the rat, rabbit, cat and monkey was studied by immunohistochemical localization of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and radiochemical measurement of regional differences in ChAT activity. Four antibodies to ChAT were used to find optimal immunohistochemical localization of this enzyme. These antibodies selectively labeled large mossy fiber rosettes as well as finely beaded terminals with different morphological characterization, laminar distribution within the cerebellar cortex, and regional differences within the cerebellum.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Large \u201cgrape\u2010like\u201d classic ChAT\u2010positive mossy fiber rosettes that were distributed primarily in the granule cell layer were concentrated, but not exclusively located in three separate regions of the cerebellum in each of the four species studied: (1) The uvula\u2010nodulus (lobules 9 and 10); (2) the flocculus\u2010ventral paraflocculus, and (3) the anterior lobe vermis (lobules 1 and 2). No intrinsic cerebellar neurons were labeled. No cells in either the inferior olive (the origin of cerebellar climbing fibers) or in the locus coeruleus (an origin of noradrenergic fibers) were ChAT\u2010positive.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Thin, finely beaded axons, similar to cholinergic axons of the cerebral cortex of the rat, were observed in both the granule cell layer and molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex of the rat, rabbit and cat.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The regional differences in ChAT\u2010positive afferent terminations in the cerebellar cortex was for the most part confirmed by regional measurements of ChAT activity in the rat, rabbit, and cat. The three cholinergic afferent projection sites correspond to regions of the cerebellar cortex that receive vestibular primary and secondary afferents. These data imply that a subset of vestibular projections to the cerebellar cortex are cholinergic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903170303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T22:56:12Z","timestamp":1104620172000},"page":"233-249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":116,"title":["Cholinergic innervation of the cerebellum of rat, rabbit, cat, and monkey as revealed by choline acetyltransferase activity and immunohistochemistry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"317","author":[{"given":"N. H.","family":"Barmack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. W.","family":"Baughman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. P.","family":"Eckenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903170304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"577","article-title":"Cholinergic projections to the cerebellum","volume":"12","author":"Barmack N. H.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Soc. Neurosci. Abst."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00236639"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)91261-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235248"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00238954"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901210203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Site and mode of termination of primary vestibulocerebellar fibres in the cat","volume":"102","author":"Brodal A.","year":"1964","journal-title":"Arch. Ital Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00519100"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(84)91040-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1001350209"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11.1.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(86)90121-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900630308"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(81)90065-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(88)90251-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1975.tb11895.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"174","volume-title":"Progress in Brain Research The Cerebellum","author":"Fox C. A.","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90006-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90963-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00247349"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90025-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)91471-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)91234-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(78)90970-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1969.tb10379.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-06-01577.1985","article-title":"High\u2010affinity binding of [3H]acetylcholine to muscarinic cholinergic receptors","volume":"6","author":"Kellar K. J.","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"The cerebellar projection of the vestibular nerve in the cat","volume":"184","author":"Korte G.","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00235801"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902350102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"The Comparative Anatomy and Histology of the Cerebellum","author":"Larsell O.","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000146038"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"335","article-title":"An acetylcholinesterase band\u2010pattern in the molecular layer of the cat cerebellum","volume":"124","author":"Marani E.","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(81)90025-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1980.43.5.1477","article-title":"Long\u2010term adaptive changes in primate vestibulo\u2010ocular reflex. IV Electrophysiological observations in flocculus of adapted monkeys","volume":"43","author":"Miles F.","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90234-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902200103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1974.37.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902720303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902900104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(87)90168-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1985.tb10555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(79)90003-1","article-title":"Muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system of the rat. II. Distribution of binding of [3H]propylbenzilylcholine mustard in the midbrain and hindbrain","volume":"1","author":"Rotter A.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(83)90362-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(81)90026-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(90)90713-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/205242a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(86)90121-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)91328-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(79)91475-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Comparative Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcne.903170303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cne.903170303","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T14:44:44Z","timestamp":1698158684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cne.903170303"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,3,15]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cne.903170303"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.903170303","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9967","1096-9861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9967","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,3,15]]}}}