{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T18:31:41Z","timestamp":1791052301218,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]],"date-time":"2004-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097280000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4087,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Comparative Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The distribution and targets of nerves containing the adrenergic markers tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine \u03b2\u2010hydroxylase, and neuropeptide Y in the human olfactory mucosa were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Tissue was obtained at autopsy from the nasal cleft of 16 adults ranging in age from 24 to 90 years, and from one spontaneously aborted 16\u2010week\u2010old fetus. The presence of olfactory receptor neurons in nasal mucosa was confirmed by staining with the antibody to olfactory marker protein. Targets of adrenergic innervation were blood vessels, including the vasa nervorum within the sheaths of olfactory nerve bundles, and Bowman's glands in the lamina propria. Adrenergic fibers penetrated the adventitia of blood vessels and terminated near the media, and were in close proximity to Bowman's glands but did not enter the acini. In the fetal tissue, the vasa nervorum were the major targets of adrenergic fibers. Age\u2010related differences in the pattern and statistically significant differences in the density of innervation of blood vessels were noted between adults under and over 60 years of age. In the younger group, plexuses of nerve fibers containing colocalized dopamine \u03b2\u2010hydroxylase and neuropeptide Y occurred adjacent to arterioles and large bundles of fibers adjacent to venules; in older individuals, few fiber plexuses occurred adjacent to arterioles and thin bundles of fibers adjacent to venules. The distribution of adrenergic innervation suggests that vasomotor tone and secretion are regulated by adrenergic nerves. The decrease in adrenergic innervation in older individuals, with resultant effects on perireceptor processes, may be associated with age\u2010related declines in olfactory function. \u00a9 1993 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903340109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T08:57:47Z","timestamp":1104569867000},"page":"104-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Patterns of adrenergic and peptidergic innervation in human olfactory mucosa: Age\u2010related trends"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"334","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas V.","family":"Getchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. Larry","family":"Sparks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn L.","family":"Getchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489109137404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"1566","volume-title":"Histology and Histopathology of the Nervous System","author":"Asbury A. K.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0989-5_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb\/3.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1992.72.3.699"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"S95","article-title":"Local mechanisms of blood flow control by perivascular nerves and endothelium","volume":"8","author":"Burnstock G.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Hypertension"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"The Nose. Upper Airway Physiology and the Atmospheric Environment","author":"Cauna N.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)60241-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1838(82)90074-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/12.1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"735","volume-title":"Smell and Taste in Health and Disease","author":"Doty R. L.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6505700"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440030602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"616","article-title":"Localization of fucose residues in glycoconjugates of human olfactory and respiratory mucosae using lectinoprobes (abstract)","volume":"17","author":"Easton K. M.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chem. Senses"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1159\/000212828","article-title":"Demonstration of perivascular peptides and changes in concentration with age in man","volume":"32","author":"Edvinsson L.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Gerontology."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.05-02-00450.1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)90436-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199208000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"132","volume-title":"Principles of Neural Science","author":"Gershon M. D.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Smell and Taste in Health and Disease","author":"Getchell M. L.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00611909"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092310310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0989-5_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949310200509"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-0082(84)90008-X","article-title":"Perireceptor and receptor events in vertebrate olfaction","volume":"23","author":"Getchell T. V.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000107121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90597-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"169","article-title":"Dopamine neurons in the olfactory bulb","volume":"16","author":"Hal\u00e0sz N.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Adv. Biochem. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(75)90050-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1987.01860020061013","article-title":"Airflow patterns in a human nasal model","volume":"113","author":"Hornung D. E.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Arch. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198312000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"277","volume-title":"Cell and Tissue Biology","author":"Jones E. G.","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Human Development. The Span of Life","author":"Kaluger G.","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0163-7258(89)90018-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/10.3.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90247-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00571436"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(85)90213-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.10.3511"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","first-page":"391","volume-title":"Chemical Neuroanatomy","author":"Macrides F.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0989-5_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(90)90082-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989210600221"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(88)91210-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01153516"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","first-page":"481","volume-title":"Smell and Taste in Health and Disease","author":"Mozell M. M.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-998280"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-4580(90)90014-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1984.00800360013003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198504000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1985.00800070046004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1992.01880070061012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1984.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(82)90171-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903210102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)91095-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91115-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901630406","article-title":"The central adrenergic system. An immunofluorescence study of the localization of cell bodies and their efferent connection in the rat utilizing dopamine\u2010\u03b2 hydroxylase as a marker","volume":"63","author":"Swanson L. W.","year":"1975","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.3.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/337736a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","first-page":"99","volume-title":"The Nose. Upper Airway Physiology and the Atmospheric Environment","author":"Tos M.","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903100307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Peptide containing nerves in the nasal mucosa","volume":"19","author":"Uddman R.","year":"1981","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"Age\u2010related differences in catecholamine fluorescence of human vascular tissue","volume":"11","author":"Waterson J. G.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Blood Vessels"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","first-page":"369","volume-title":"Smell and Taste in Health and Disease","author":"Weiffenback J. M.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)91541-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100116871"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1092250309"}],"container-title":["Journal of Comparative Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcne.903340109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cne.903340109","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T20:56:17Z","timestamp":1698180977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cne.903340109"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cne.903340109"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cne.903340109","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-9967","1096-9861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-9967","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}}}