{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T02:39:41Z","timestamp":1773283181970,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014R1A1A1003987"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014R1A1A1003987"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Numer Methods Biomed Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A double J stent (DJS) is used to alleviate the congestion of urine in the upper urinary tract when there is ureteral stenosis, which causes the interruption of normal urine flow and results in renal failure. The purpose of placing DJSs is to ensure sufficient urine flow in the ureter, but the DJS acts as a foreign body in the urinary system and sometimes acts as an obstacle in achieving sufficient urine flow. Here, to evaluate the performance of various sizes of DJSs, 5Fr (1.666\u2009mm) to 8Fr (2.666\u2009mm), in the ureter, silicon ureter models without stenosis, and a circulation setup were constructed. The total flow rates (TFRs) in the stented ureters were evaluated with an in vitro experiment. The TFRs in the 5Fr DJS were larger than those in the other sizes of DJS. As the size of DJS increased, the TFR decreased. Computational fluid dynamics was also applied to validate the experimental results. It was shown that the experimental results agreed well with the numerical results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.3294","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,25]],"date-time":"2020-01-25T06:00:47Z","timestamp":1579932047000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Urine flow analysis using double J stents of various sizes in in vitro ureter models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Kyung\u2010Wuk","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Soongsil University  Dongjak\u2010gu Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0709-8544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyoung\u2010Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology  Gyeongnam South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6094-0227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Seoul National University Boramae Hospital  Dongjak\u2010gu Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung Bae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Seoul National University Boramae Hospital  Dongjak\u2010gu Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Hiroshima University Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57326-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2472381"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/imammb\/dqn020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00285-003-0252-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","unstructured":"CarugoD ZhangX DrakeJM ClavicaF. Formation and characteristics of laminar vortices in microscale environments within an obstructed and stented ureter: a computational study. 18th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences; MicroTAS San Antonio TX 2014 pp. 1056\u20131058."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.07.1258"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365599.2010.544673"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A novel, non\u2010invasive approach to diagnosing urinary tract obstruction using CFD","volume":"18","author":"Nirmish S","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Young Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","unstructured":"HosseiniG. Computational simulation of urinary system [PhD thesis]. Queen Mary University of London;2017.https:\/\/ethos.bl.uk\/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765962"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5099\/aj120300236"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4003316"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087433"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.3104"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.3122"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1985.tb07021.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)00719-9","article-title":"Double J and diversion stents","volume":"9","author":"Finney RP","year":"1982","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"S215","article-title":"Numerical analysis of the urine flow in a stented ureter with no peristalsis","volume":"26","author":"Kim H","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Mater Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"S319","article-title":"Numerical analysis of the effect of side holes of a double J stent on flow rate and pattern","volume":"26","author":"Kim K","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Mater Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-171307"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5172641"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/THC-171307"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"A study on the measurement uncertainty of flowmeter calibrator","volume":"25","author":"Lim KW","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trans Korean Soc Mech Eng B"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","unstructured":"ISO\/IEC Guide 98\u20103(JCGM\/WG1\/100) Uncertainty of measurement\u2010part 3: guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) International Electrotechnical Commission: Geneva Switzerland 1999."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","unstructured":"ANSYS Inc.. 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