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In the proposed methodology, an optimization algorithm iteratively modifies the porosity distribution of the stent and executes a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to determine the effect of these changes on the hemodynamic conditions inside the aneurysm sac. The optimization iterations proceed until relevant hemodynamic parameters are within ranges prescribed a priori by the user as desirable to control the progression of the AAA. The resulting porosity distribution uniquely describes the porous stent design that can control the hemodynamic environment (eg, shear stress at the aneurysm wall, pressure distribution, residence time), reducing AAA rupture risks and improving treatment efficacy. To demonstrate its potential, the proposed methodology is applied to idealized AAA geometry under steady\u2010state flow conditions, though it may be easily applied to more complex AAA geometries under transient, pulsatile flow conditions. The proposed methodology has the potential to enable the design of a new generation of porous stents tailored to patient\u2010specific geometries and flow conditions, to improve patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.3336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,25]],"date-time":"2020-03-25T11:49:58Z","timestamp":1585136998000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimization of porous stents for endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4940-4535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Stockle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Ingenieria Industrial Universidad Diego Portales Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3603-7361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4314-8120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina H.","family":"Amon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Current views on the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"181","author":"Patel MI","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2008.074666"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2007.01.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jicc.2017.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574412456306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2009.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-010-0200-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09544119JEIM894"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-010-9994-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.2635"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2012.08.134"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair using the multilayer flow modulator in porcine animal models","volume":"3","author":"Sultan S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Univ J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2015.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2014.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2008.01.025"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"CFD study of multilayer stent hemodynamic effects in abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"2008","author":"Wailliez C","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20122278","article-title":"Multilayer stents, a new progress in the endovascular treatment of aneurysms","volume":"126","author":"Zhang Y","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2017.06.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-013-0705-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1583\/11-3551.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1583\/07-2222.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1583\/13-4553R.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"ANSYS CFX\u2010Solver Theory Guide.2012;15317(October):724\u2013746."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. 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