{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:11:08Z","timestamp":1791616268178,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712188800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]],"date-time":"2023-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01HL143336 R01HL157631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01HL143336 R01HL157631"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OAC 1652541 OAC 1931516"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OAC 1652541 OAC 1931516"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Numer Methods Biomed Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subclinical leaflet thrombosis (SLT) is a potentially serious complication of aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthetic valve in which blood clots form on the replacement valve. SLT is associated with increased risk of transient ischemic attacks and strokes and can progress to clinical leaflet thrombosis. SLT following aortic valve replacement also may be related to subsequent structural valve deterioration, which can impair the durability of the valve replacement. Because of the difficulty in clinical imaging of SLT, models are needed to determine the mechanisms of SLT and could eventually predict which patients will develop SLT. To this end, we develop methods to simulate leaflet thrombosis that combine fluid\u2013structure interaction and a simplified thrombosis model that allows for deposition along the moving leaflets. Additionally, this model can be adapted to model deposition or absorption along other moving boundaries. We present convergence results and quantify the model's ability to realize changes in valve opening and pressures. These new approaches are an important advancement in our tools for modeling thrombosis because they incorporate both adhesion to the surface of the moving leaflets and feedback to the fluid\u2013structure interaction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.3700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T03:26:46Z","timestamp":1680665206000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A model of<scp>fluid\u2013structure<\/scp>and biochemical interactions for applications to subclinical leaflet thrombosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3518-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Barrett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3057-0330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret Anne","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Woodward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Imaging Lab University of North Carolina Medical Center Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Vavalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina School of Medicine Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3864-1359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arash","family":"Kheradvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of California Irvine Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9800-7504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyce E.","family":"Griffith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Mathematics, Applied Physical Sciences, and Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Carolina Center for Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"Computational Medicine Program University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"},{"name":"McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron L.","family":"Fogelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Mathematics and Biomedical Engineering University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2017.02.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joic.12165"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2019.00044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24748706.2018.1562265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.201838"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2017.02.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2020.105647"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-021-00596-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2011.10.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0200917"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/imammb\/dqx001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2007.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2013.00229"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00285-015-0891-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2013.0380"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12195-014-0356-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112001007339"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-3190\/ac4afa"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevFluids.7.033102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compfluid.2015.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2009.04.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2021.110726"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2018.01.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2005.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2013.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4310\/CMS.2009.v7.n1.a4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2021.110805"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2020.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-fluid-010814-014513"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)76085-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/imammb\/dqq005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.81.051922"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/21M1401024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.2888","article-title":"Hybrid finite difference\/finite element immersed boundary method","volume":"1612","author":"Griffith BE","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Numer Meth Biomed Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S1758825109000113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xjon.2020.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2022.111042"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2020.112978"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2005.0073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2017.08.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1999.276.1.H81"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.1466"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.62.1.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","volume-title":"IBAMR: an adaptive and distributed\u2010memory parallel implementation of the immersed boundary method","author":"Griffith BE","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00366-006-0049-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"PETSc Users Manual. Tech. Rep. March. ISBN: ANL\u201095\/11\u2014Revision 3.0.0 Publication Title: ReVision","volume":"2","author":"Balay S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Argonne Natl Lab"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","volume-title":"PETSc Web Page","author":"Balay S","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4612-1986-6_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpe.652"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)90971-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2007.02.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2009.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2019.07.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2016.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2018.06.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2005.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2007.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/19M1258396"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2016.06.015"}],"container-title":["International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/am-pdf\/10.1002\/cnm.3700","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cnm.3700","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T06:25:53Z","timestamp":1702189553000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cnm.3700"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"references-count":62,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cnm.3700"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cnm.3700","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2040-7939","2040-7947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2040-7939","type":"print"},{"value":"2040-7947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-05-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e3700"}}