{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:10:42Z","timestamp":1773065442283,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Numer Methods Biomed Eng"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Long\u2010term performance\u2010based study to comprehend the biomechanics of Ti\u20106Al\u20104V, PEEK and CFR\u2010PEEK implant materials in fusing a lumbar spine is not available in literature. The present study investigates the performance of these implant materials in fusing an L4\u2013L5 segment by executing a strain energy density\u2010based bone remodelling theory. The FE models of intact and implanted lumbar spines were reconstructed from computed tomography scan images and simulated for 500\u2009N compressive load and a combination of 150\u2009N preload and 10\u2009Nm moment. The models attained equilibrium state when the apparent bone density change became less than 0.005\u2009g\u2009cm\n                    <jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup>\n                    between two consecutive iterations. The implanted models' range of motion (ROM) has been reduced by 73%\u201385% for Ti\u20106Al\u20104V, 64%\u201378% for PEEK and 69%\u201381% for CFR\u2010PEEK implanted models. All models exhibit a substantial rise in bone density (30%) in the implant\u2010bone interface region and cancellous bone. However, the CFR\u2010PEEK implanted model exhibited a bone density loss of only 0%\u20130.3%, compared to the Ti\u20106Al\u20104V implanted model (0.3%\u20136.7%) and the PEEK model (1.5%\u201330%). The findings indicate that CFR\u2010PEEK material may be a better implant material than PEEK and Ti\u20106Al\u20104V while considering bone density distributions and equivalent strains from immediate post\u2010operative to equilibrium conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnm.70071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T08:00:57Z","timestamp":1752480057000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bone Remodelling in Lumbar Spine: A Comparative Analysis of Ti\u2010Alloy,\n                    <scp>PEEK<\/scp>\n                    and\n                    <scp>CFR<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>PEEK<\/scp>\n                    Implant 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