{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T05:38:55Z","timestamp":1777441135257,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006557","name":"Centre Technologique des R\u00e9sidus Industriels","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006557","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lung cancer is the cause of a fourth of all cancer\u2010related deaths. About a third of all lung adenocarcinoma tumours harbour mutations on exons 18 to 21 of the epidermal growth factor receptor (\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) gene. Detection of these mutations allows for targeted therapies in the form of EGFR Tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Recently, \u201cliquid biopsies\u201d have emerged as an alternative to conventional tissue mutation detection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this pilot study, we attempted to optimize\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutation detection from malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) as \u201cliquid biopsies\u201d when tissue biopsies were unavailable. Resulting mutations were then to be mapped on the\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene and explored using cBioPortal, a public cancer genomic database.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We first attempted a direct sequencing approach and showed that single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were likely to be missed in MPEs. We then switched to and optimized an\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutant\u2010specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction\u2010based assay. This assay was piloted on n = 10 pleural effusion samples (one non\u2010malignant pleural effusion as a negative control). 5\/9 (55.55%) samples harboured\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutations with 2\/9 (22.22%) being exon 19 deletions and 3\/9 (33.33%) the S768I mutation. The frequency of the S768I SNV in our study was significantly higher than that observed in other studies (~0.2%). Utilizing cBioPortal data, we report that patients with S768I have a shorter median survival time (6 months vs 38\u2009months), progression\u2010free survival time (8 months vs 44\u2009months) and lower tumor mutation count compared to patients with other\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutations.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The shorter survival of patients with the S768I SNV predicts aggressive disease and poor prognosis as a result of this mutation. Studies in larger cohorts and\/or animal models are necessary to confirm these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T10:15:16Z","timestamp":1596708916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["High frequency of exon 20\n                    <scp>\n                      S768I\n                      <i>EGFR<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    mutation detected in malignant pleural effusions: A poor prognosticator of\n                    <scp>NSCLC<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"George","family":"D'Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John's Research Institute  Bangalore India"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7351-485X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chirag","family":"Dhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John's Research Institute  Bangalore India"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of California  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Kyalanoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lokendra","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mugdha","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John's Research Institute  Bangalore India"},{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"},{"name":"Department of General Medicine St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Nawaz S","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sweta","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohaematology St. John's Medical College and Hospital  Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2007.10.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5916.154479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiological study of EGFR mutations and EML4\u2010ALK fusion genes among Indian patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung","volume":"8","author":"Doval D","year":"2015","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07423"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405220101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2088"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC).2011.https:\/\/cancer.sanger.ac.uk\/cosmic. 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