{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:31:57Z","timestamp":1790962317280,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Breast cancer is the leading cancer in terms of incidence in Kenya. We conducted a breast cancer awareness and screening pilot to assess feasibility of rolling out a national screening program in Kenya.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conducted in Nyeri County during October\u2013November 2019, the pilot had three phases; awareness creation, screening (clinical breast examination and\/or imaging) and final evaluation (post\u2010screening exit interviews and retrospective screening data review). Descriptive statistics on awareness, screening process and outputs were derived.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the pilot, 1813 CBE, 217 breast ultrasounds and 600 mammograms were performed. Mammography equipment utilization increased from 11% to 83%. Of 49 women with suspicious lesions on mammography, only 22 (44.9%) had been linked to care 4 months after the campaign. Of 532 exit interview respondents; 95% (505\/532) were \u226535\u2009years of age; 80% (426\/532) had been reached by the awareness campaign. Majority (75% [399\/532]) had received information from community health volunteers; 68% through social groups. Majority (79% [420\/532]) felt the campaign had changed their behavior on breast health. Although 77% (407\/532) had knowledge on self breast examination (SBE); only 13% practiced monthly SBE. More than half (58% [306\/532]) had previously undertaken a CBE. Approximately 70% (375\/528) were unaware of mammography before the pilot; 86% (459\/532) had never previously undertaken a mammogram. Fifty\u2010five percent (293\/532) of respondents had screening waiting times of &gt;120\u2009min.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Community health workers can create breast cancer screening demand sustainably. Adequate personnel and effective follow\u2010up are crucial before national roll\u2010out of a breast cancer screening program.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T07:55:33Z","timestamp":1625730933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Breast health awareness campaign and screening pilot in a Kenyan County: Findings and lessons"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1956-7440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerian","family":"Mwenda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan\u2010Paula","family":"Bor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Gitungo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Kirika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Njoroge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Mugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Department Kenyatta National Hospital  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Ojuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Nairobi  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Nyangasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Control Program Ministry of Health  Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jgo.17.00141"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","volume-title":"Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today","author":"Ferlay J","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jgo.19.00036"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","article-title":"A profile of female breast cancer patients in a Kenyan urban private hospital","volume":"10","author":"Makanga W","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann African Surg."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6464-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Kenya.National cancer screening guidelines.http:\/\/www.health.go.ke\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/National-Cancer-Screening-Guidelines-2018.pdf. 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