{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:05:24Z","timestamp":1781712324400,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) sometimes cause immune\u2010related liver injury, which can lead to cessation of treatment, hospitalization, and even mortality. Although high\u2010dose corticosteroids are usually effective in treatment of ICI\u2010related liver injury, one fifth of affected patients require additional immunosuppressive therapy. It remains uncertain how best to treat ICI\u2010related liver injury that relapses under corticosteroid therapy after temporary remission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case<\/jats:title><jats:p>Here we report two cases of ICI\u2010related liver injury successfully treated with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). In the first case, a 74\u2010year\u2010old man with stage IIIA lung cancer underwent curative chemoradiotherapy. After the second infusion of durvalumab, grade 3 ICI\u2010related liver injury (mixed pattern) developed. In the second case, a 46\u2010year\u2010old man with stage IVB lung cancer received pembrolizumab\u2010containing chemotherapy. After the first cycle, grade 2 ICI\u2010related hepatitis developed. In the both cases, liver injury improved with high\u2010dose prednisolone but relapsed during tapering of the drug. After liver biopsy was performed to confirm the diagnosis of ICI\u2010related liver injury, MMF (2000\u2009mg\/day) was added. MMF was effective for both patients and permitted discontinuation or reduction of prednisolone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MMF appears to be an appropriate treatment option for ICI\u2010related liver injury that respond to high\u2010dose corticosteroids but relapse during steroid tapering.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T09:46:19Z","timestamp":1652694379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Mycophenolate mofetil for immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2010related hepatotoxicity relapsing during dose reduction of corticosteroid: A report of two cases and literature 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