{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:37:30Z","timestamp":1786977450807,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]],"date-time":"2022-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 CA202712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA202712"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) precedes multiple myeloma (MM). Use of electronic health records may facilitate large\u2010scale epidemiologic research to elucidate risk factors for the progression of MGUS to MM or other lymphoid malignancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the accuracy of an electronic health records\u2010based approach for identifying clinically diagnosed MGUS cases for inclusion in studies of patient outcomes\/ progression risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were retrieved from Kaiser Permanente Southern California's comprehensive electronic health records, which contain documentation of all outpatient and inpatient visits, laboratory tests, diagnosis codes and a cancer registry. We ascertained potential MGUS cases diagnosed between 2008 and 2014 using the presence of an MGUS ICD\u20109 diagnosis code (273.1). We initially excluded those diagnosed with MM within 6\u00a0months after MGUS diagnosis, then subsequently those with any lymphoid malignancy diagnosis from 2007 to 2014. We reviewed medical charts for 100 randomly selected potential cases for evidence of a physician diagnosis of MGUS, which served as our gold standard for case confirmation. To assess sensitivity, we also investigated the presence of the ICD\u20109 code in the records of 40 randomly selected and chart review\u2010confirmed MGUS cases among patients with a laboratory report of elevated circulating monoclonal (M\u2010) protein (a key test for MGUS diagnosis) and no subsequent lymphoid malignancy (as described above).<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>The positive predictive value (PPV) for the ICD\u20109 code was 98%. All MGUS cases confirmed by chart review also had confirmatory laboratory test results. Of the confirmed cases first identified via M\u2010protein test results, 88% also had the ICD\u20109 diagnosis code.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The diagnosis code\u2010based approach has excellent PPV and likely high sensitivity for detecting clinically diagnosed MGUS. The generalizability of this approach outside an integrated healthcare system warrants further evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]],"date-time":"2022-12-04T20:49:47Z","timestamp":1670186987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Identifying monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance from electronic health records"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2282-1662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilary C.","family":"Tanenbaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"},{"name":"Scientific Research &amp; Development Embark Veterinary  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda M.","family":"Birmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly A.","family":"Bertrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Slone Epidemiology Center Boston University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren R.","family":"Teras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intramural Research Department American Cancer Society  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amrita Y.","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope Medical Center  California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda","family":"Pourhassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope Medical Center  California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Goldsmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope Medical Center  California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimberly","family":"Cannavale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia S.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"City of Hope Medical Center  California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6072-4954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun R.","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research &amp; Evaluation Kaiser Permanente Southern California  Pasadena California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-01051-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2010.60"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2009.010066"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2011.054015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.100552"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3352\/jeehp.2013.10.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4912"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S50757"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"Current trends in the diagnosis, therapy and monitoring of the monoclonal gammopathies","volume":"30","author":"Mollee P","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"issue":"44","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","first-page":"745","article-title":"Monoclonal IgM gammopathy and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia","volume":"114","author":"Grunenberg A","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-09-568899"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"Detecting Cases of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance in Electronic Health Data","author":"Epstein MM","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070389"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.336"}],"container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cnr2.1755","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cnr2.1755","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cnr2.1755","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T16:13:57Z","timestamp":1692720837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cnr2.1755"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cnr2.1755"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cnr2.1755","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-8348","2573-8348"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-8348","type":"print"},{"value":"2573-8348","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-12","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-11-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-12-04","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e1755"}}