{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T09:44:12Z","timestamp":1753868652653,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704931200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) is an alternative for external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for early stage breast cancer (BC). Herein, we compared outcomes, postoperative and post\u2010radiation complications of IORT and EBRT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cohort study to compare complications of IORT and EBRT in patients. A checklist of the complications of IORT and EBRT, was used to assess and post\u2010radiation complications and outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 264 women (121 in IORT and 143 in EBRT group) with a mean (SD) age of 55\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6\u2009years analyzed in this study. The IORT group (quadrantectomy\u2009+\u2009SLNB\u2009+\u2009IORT) had more severe post\u2010operative pain compared to the EBRT group (quadrantectomy\u2009+\u2009SLNB) (OR\u2009=\u20091.929, 95% CI: 1.116\u20133.332). Other postoperative complications, including edema, erythema, seroma, hematoma, and wound complications were not significantly different between the IORT and EBRT groups.<\/jats:p><jats:p>EBRT was associated with higher rates post\u2010radiation complications, including erythema (95.8% vs. 21.5%), skin dryness (30.8% vs. 12.4%), pruritus (26.6% vs. 17.4%), hyperpigmentation (48.3% vs. 9.9%), and telangiectasia (1.4% vs. 0.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that erythema, skin dryness and pruritus, and hyperpigmentation were more severe in the EBRT group, while breast induration was higher in the IORT group (OR\u2009=\u20094.109, 95% CI: 2.242\u20137.531). Excellent, good, and fair cosmetic outcome was seen in 11.2%, 72%, and 16.8% of the patients in the EBRT group and 29.8%, 63.6%, and 6.6% in the IORT group, respectively, suggesting that the cosmetic outcome was significantly better in the IORT group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). There wasn't statistically significant difference in recurrence\u2010free survival and overall survival rates between two groups of patients who received either IORT or EBRT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.953, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.56).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>IORT is considered to have lower post\u2010radiation complications and better cosmetic outcomes in breast cancer patients. Therefore, IORT might be used as the treatment of choice in eligible patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.1950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T09:50:01Z","timestamp":1704966601000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Outcomes and complications of intraoperative radiotherapy versus external beam radiotherapy for early breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6749-6755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Zangouri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Oncology Division, General Surgery Department Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Breast Diseases Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz 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