{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T18:54:05Z","timestamp":1754160845293,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male breast cancer (MBC) accounts for less than 1% of all cancers in men, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the most common type. The chemotherapy regimens used for MBC are similar to those for female breast cancer. However, the incidence of chemotherapy\u2010induced complications such as leukocytosis resembling leukemia reaction is not well documented in MBC. This case highlights a rare complication in an MBC patient, induced by prophylactic PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF following chemotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Case Presentation<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 51\u2010year\u2010old male with left breast invasive ductal carcinoma underwent modified radical mastectomy. Postoperative pathology revealed high\u2010risk features, and the patient received 8\u2009cycles of chemotherapy with the ddAC\u2010T regimen, followed by PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF for febrile neutropenia prevention. After the fifth chemotherapy cycle, the patient developed leukocytosis resembling leukemia reaction, characterized by a white blood cell count exceeding 50\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\/L, along with intermittent fever up to 42.5\u00b0C. The condition was attributed to the PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF administration, and the patient was treated with NSAIDs and dexamethasone. Leukocytosis resolved after adjusting the PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF dose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leukocytosis resembling leukemia reaction induced by PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF post\u2010chemotherapy is a rare complication, particularly in MBC patients. This case underscores the importance of careful monitoring and differential diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary interventions. Personalized treatment strategies and dose adjustments for PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF are crucial in managing this rare reaction, emphasizing the need for awareness and individualized care in MBC patients undergoing chemotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.70280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]],"date-time":"2025-07-22T12:09:23Z","timestamp":1753186163000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Male Breast Cancer Complicated With Leukocytosis Resembling Leukemia Reaction After Chemotherapy: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1266-2588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanze","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Zibo Central Hospital  Zibo Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5595-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Zibo Central Hospital  Zibo Shandong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-018-4921-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-021-03190-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Network N C C \u201cNCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology: Breast Cancer (Version 6.2024)[S] \u201d 2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2020.0002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-023-11198-2"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"310","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF in Preventing Chemoradiotherapy\u2010Induced Neutropenia in Patients With Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer","volume":"23","author":"Li W.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules & Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.777602"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-017-4609-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-020-05603-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JGO.2016.008540"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2025.04.017","article-title":"Comparative Analysis of Adverse Events Linked to PEG\u2010rhG\u2010CSF and rhG\u2010CSF in Real\u2010World Settings: Disproportionate Examination of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database","author":"Qu Y.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clinical Therapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2017.05.04"}],"container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cnr2.70280","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T23:54:57Z","timestamp":1753660497000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cnr2.70280"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cnr2.70280"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cnr2.70280","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-8348","2573-8348"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2573-8348"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2573-8348"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-07-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70280"}}