{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T19:00:18Z","timestamp":1757617218533,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hydroxyurea (HU) is an antimetabolite used to treat different myeloproliferative disorders, including chronic myeloid leukemia, polycythemia vera, and essential thrombocytopenia (ET). HU has a significant effect on the treatment of myeloproliferative disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Recent Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 54\u2010year\u2010old woman with a history of ET from 15\u2009years ago presented with multiple erythematous plaques and ulcers on the face and extremities from 2\u2009years ago. She had multiple SCCs, Bowen, and AK on both extremities and face. We reviewed and summarized the literature on the relationship between HU and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) between 1991 and 2022. Sixty cases (37 men and 23 women) were evaluated. The participants' mean age was 66.73\u2009\u00b1\u20099.80\u2009years. They received the HU therapy for 9.17\u2009\u00b1\u20094.29\u2009years. The latency period to the occurrence of symptoms in patients with HU\u2010related skin cancer was 7.33\u2009\u00b1\u20094.40\u2009years. The HU dose in these patients ranged from 1.21\u2009\u00b1\u20090.53\u2009g\/d. Among NMSCs, SCCs are more frequently associated with the HU treatment, followed by AKs, BCCs, and Bowen.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Healthcare providers should be aware of skin cancer risks; patients receiving long\u2010term HU therapy should be screened for early diagnosis and provided with preventive measures and appropriate treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.70304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T07:28:17Z","timestamp":1754724497000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multiple Skin Cancers Associated With Hydroxyurea: Case Report and Review of Literature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6790-7633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Safoura","family":"Shakoei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Nilfroushan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS)  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2010.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/era.11.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-128-1-199801010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1975.01630140041002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/030089168607200314"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000246586"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1996.03890350139035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(08)81758-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.13043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.11.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2257.2003.00534.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"751","article-title":"Cutaneous Effects After Prolongaded use of Hydroxyurea in Polycythemia Vera","volume":"86","author":"Fran\u00e7a E. R.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.241353198"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000247631"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","first-page":"114","article-title":"Multiple Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Skin During Long\u2010Term Treatment With Hydroxyurea","volume":"8","author":"De Simone C.","year":"1998","journal-title":"European journal of dermatology: EJD"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2001.00200-11.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2004.01586.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(08)80057-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2010.11"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"183","article-title":"Concurrent Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinomas Associated With Hydroxyurea Therapy","volume":"19","author":"Radi\u0107 J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta dermatovenerologica Croatica: ADC"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23160"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2011.00887.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5070\/D32311037268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17406"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000520542"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.106160"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v7.i23.4091"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajd.13436"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","first-page":"919","article-title":"Multiple Skin and Mouth Squamous Cell Carcinomas Related to Long\u2010Term Treatment With Hydroxyurea","volume":"128","author":"Est\u00e8ve E.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annales de Dermatologie et de V\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9ologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2011.04326.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2001.00782.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2018.320"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Multiple Keratosis Induced by Hydroxyurea","volume":"122","author":"Grange F.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Annales de Dermatologie et de V\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9ologie"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","first-page":"274","article-title":"Multiple Actinic Keratosis and Skin Tumors Secondary to Hydroxyurea Treatment","volume":"196","author":"Salmon\u2010Ehr V.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","first-page":"316","article-title":"Hydroxyurea in the Treatment of Multiple Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) During Myelofibrosis: A Case Report","volume":"3","author":"Wen L. 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X.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Shi Yong Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.13472"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2016.148"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","article-title":"Clinical Insights and Dermatological Recommendations for Non\u2010Melanoma Skin Cancers (NMSCs) in Long\u2010Term Hydroxyurea (HU) Therapy","volume":"16","author":"Iliescu C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1353377"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.05.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2018.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.142.6.729"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161025912"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/amb-2024-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.1501a4642"}],"container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cnr2.70304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T02:58:48Z","timestamp":1757127528000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cnr2.70304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cnr2.70304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cnr2.70304","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-8348","2573-8348"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2573-8348"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2573-8348"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70304"}}