{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T23:30:48Z","timestamp":1769556648555,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cancer Reports"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The rising global incidence of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010related diseases, particularly gastric cancer, underscores the urgent need for effective preventive vaccines, motivating the exploration of innovative immunoinformatic strategies to address this public health challenge.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to design a multi\u2010epitope subunit vaccine for Helicobacter pylori using an immunoinformatics approach. Specifically, the objectives were to predict potential epitopes from the flagellin B and urease B proteins, integrate the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) as a mucosal adjuvant, and perform computational validation of the vaccine construct for antigenicity, stability, and interaction with immune receptors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study utilized an immunoinformatics approach to design a multi\u2010epitope subunit vaccine, involving epitope prediction from flagellin B and urease B, integration of the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) as a mucosal adjuvant, and computational validation through tools like VaxiJen, Phyre2, MolProbity, and HDOCK for antigenicity, structure, and docking analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The resulting vaccine construct comprises 406 amino acids with a molecular weight of 43\u2009424.77\u2009Da, exhibiting a predicted antigenic score of 1.0084, non\u2010allergenic and non\u2010toxic properties, and a stable physiochemical profile (instability index 23.51, GRAVY \u22120.425). Structural analysis suggested 99.1% (525\/530) of residues in favored Ramachandran regions and 100.0% in allowed regions. Molecular docking with Toll\u2010like receptor 5 (TLR5) indicated a superior docking score of \u2212309.05 and a confidence score of 0.9601, outperforming TLR2 (\u2212250.74), with 10 CTL epitopes (6 from flagellin B, 4 from urease B), 6 HTL epitopes, and 2 LBL epitopes linked by AAY, GPGPG, and KK linkers, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This research provides a computationally optimized vaccine design that shows potential for eliciting immune responses against\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . Importantly, the findings remain entirely theoretical and require rigorous experimental validation in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo to assess their immunological relevance, safety, and efficacy before any translational or clinical application can be considered.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cnr2.70441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T06:02:07Z","timestamp":1766988127000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Immunoinformatics\u2010Based Multi\u2010Epitope Vaccine Targeting\n                    <i>Helicobacter Pylori<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2612-4647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aytak Vahdat Khajeh","family":"Pasha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry, TeMS.C. 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