{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T11:08:51Z","timestamp":1771153731583,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81901187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81901187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010256","name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A04J2193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A04J2193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wall shear stress (WSS) may govern the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. We aimed to depict WSS distribution in symptomatic, atherosclerotic M1 middle cerebral artery (MCA\u2010M1) stenosis, and its associations with adjacent vessel and plaque geometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with symptomatic, atherosclerotic, 50%\u201399% MCA\u2010M1 stenosis were analyzed. MCA\u2010M1 vessel curve orientation and tortuosity, luminal stenosis, plaque length and longitudinal asymmetry were assessed on CT angiography (CTA). Relative WSS (rWSS) was calculated by the absolute WSS divided by mean WSS at the proximal, normal vessel segment, in a CTA\u2010based computational fluid dynamics model. rWSS\u2009&lt;\u20091.0, 1.0\u20133.0, and\u2009&gt;\u20093.0 were respectively defined as low, normal, and high WSS; low\u2010 and high\u2010WSS areas were measured. The vessel and plaque geometry was associated with the rWSS measures, across a plaque as a whole, and separately in upstream and downstream plaque segments divided at the stenotic throat.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 176 patients, rWSS increased progressively along the upstream plaque segment but highly varied downstream. rWSS was lower on the inner than on the outer wall of the MCA\u2010M1 vessel curve. Patients with ventrally (than dorsally), inferiorly (than superiorly) oriented MCA\u2010M1 vessel curves and higher tortuosity of the affected vessel segment exhibited lower rWSS and larger low\u2010WSS areas at the downstream plaque segment. More severe luminal stenosis and upstream dominance in the plaque were associated with higher rWSS and larger high\u2010WSS areas in the upstream and downstream plaque segments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Wall shear stress (WSS) distribution across symptomatic MCA\u2010M1 stenosis was variable and strongly associated with adjacent vessel and plaque geometry, independent of systemic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.70690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T14:50:11Z","timestamp":1768229411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Wall Shear Stress Distribution in Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease and Associations With Vessel and Plaque Morphology"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Linfang","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4834-1301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4212-2503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haipeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre of Intelligent Healthcare Faculty of Health and Life Science, Coventry University  Coventry UK"},{"name":"National Medical Research Association  Leicester UK"},{"name":"Cardiovascular Analytics Group PowerHealth Research Institute  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"H.L. Ip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill","family":"Abrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4983-209X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tingjun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florence S. Y.","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sze Ho","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonaventure","family":"Y.M. Ip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yannie O. Y.","family":"Soo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howan","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent C. T.","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4563-0781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bo","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2689-9897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuming","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Henan Key Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1172-1490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhua","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas W.","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7300-6647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyi","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp\u20102020\u2010325630"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474\u20104422(13)70195\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2021-001157"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circulationaha.111.021824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvs217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circimaging.110.958504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554\u2010015\u20100736\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25456"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.120.030615"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000006468"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijs.12525"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","first-page":"643","article-title":"A Standardized Method for Measuring Intracranial Arterial Stenosis","volume":"21","author":"Samuels O. 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