{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]],"date-time":"2026-02-15T11:09:56Z","timestamp":1771153796686,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471489"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471489"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82401452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82401452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the association between autonomic activity, assessed by 24\u2010hour heart rate variability (HRV), and the development of perihematomal edema (PHE) as well as 3\u2010month functional outcomes following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively included patients with ICH who underwent 24\u2010hour electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring within 14\u2009days of onset from a prospective cohort. HRV parameters were calculated from ECG data. A poor functional outcome at 3\u2009months was defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score \u2265\u20093. PHE volume was measured on 7\u2010day computed tomography scans using 3D Slicer software, and adverse PHE was defined as relative PHE (edema volume\/hematoma volume) \u2265\u20092. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of adverse PHE and poor outcomes. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to examine the association between HRV parameters and adverse PHE. Five machine\u2010learning algorithms were applied to develop predictive models for 3\u2010month poor outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 312 patients were included, of whom 45.2% (141\/312) had poor outcomes at 3\u2009months and 48.6% (122\/251) had adverse PHE. Parasympathetic hypoactivity, indicated by low high\u2010frequency power, was independently associated with poor 3\u2010month outcomes. In addition, parasympathetic hypoactivity (measured by the root mean square of successive differences between adjacent NN intervals) and relative sympathetic hyperactivity (measured by the ratio of low\u2010frequency to high\u2010frequency power) independently predicted adverse PHE. Among the machine\u2010learning models, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithm achieved the highest predictive performance for poor 3\u2010month outcomes, with an AUC of 0.883.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010four\u2013hour parasympathetic hypoactivity is associated with adverse PHE and poor functional outcomes following ICH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.70727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T18:47:40Z","timestamp":1767811660000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decreased 24\u2010hour\u00a0Parasympathetic Activity following Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Key Factor Correlated with Adverse Perihematomal Edema and Poor Functional Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Kaijiang","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases  Beijing China"},{"name":"Neurocardiology Clinical and Research Center Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeqiang","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases  Beijing China"},{"name":"Neurocardiology Clinical and Research Center Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Neuroimmunology Tianjin Medical University General Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunyi","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Clinical Trial Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yani","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Washington Hospital Center  Washington District of Columbia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Ulanqab Central Hospital  Inner 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