{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T14:14:24Z","timestamp":1779804864759,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed for treating obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder (OCD) with advantages such as affordability and home\u2010use application. Despite a moderate therapeutic effect, previous findings have been mixed. This registered, randomized, double\u2010blind, sham\u2010controlled trial investigated the efficacy of an intensified tDCS protocol targeting the inferior frontal cortex (IFC), a relevant brain region for inhibitory control for OCD treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Forty patients with OCD received 20 sessions of 3\u2009mA intensified tDCS or sham tDCS in parallel groups. The active treatment included 20 sessions of 20\u2010min 3\u2009mA stimulation delivered twice per day (in 2\u2009weeks) with 20\u2010min between\u2010session intervals. Intervention efficacy, treatment response, and cognitive functions (response inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and sustained attention) were evaluated before and after the intervention and at 2\u2010week, 1\u2010month, and 3\u2010month follow\u2010ups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blinding of patients was successful. Both groups experienced decreased OCD symptoms, anxiety, and depression. While the active tDCS group showed a significant reduction in all clinical measures from pre\u2010 to post\u2010intervention, no statistically significant between\u2010group differences were found. The active tDCS group showed a mean reduction of 22.38% in OCD symptoms from baseline to endpoint, with 20% (4\/20) responding with \u2265\u200950% symptom reduction, compared to 15.25% and 0% (0\/20) in the sham group. Cognitive assessments similarly revealed within\u2010group improvements over time, but no differences between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3\u2009mA tDCS over the right IFC showed limited efficacy for OCD treatment, likely confounded by placebo effects, suggesting that other targeted regions may be more promising for tDCS intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IRCT20230216057437N1<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.70927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T06:42:07Z","timestamp":1779691327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Limited Efficacy of 3\u2009\n                    <scp>mA<\/scp>\n                    Intensified\n                    <scp>tDCS<\/scp>\n                    of the Right Inferior Frontal Cortex for\n                    <scp>OCD<\/scp>\n                    Treatment: A Randomized, Double\u2010Blind, Sham\u2010Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Atefeh","family":"Fatehi\u2010Chenar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences  Zanjan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5088-1158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Dadashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences  Zanjan 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