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This study aimed to investigate the temporal dynamics of brain connectivity associated with NSSI in adolescents with MDD using dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Resting\u2010state fMRI data from 204 adolescents (154 with NSSI, 50 without) were analyzed. dFC variability within the fronto\u2010limbic network was assessed using a seed\u2010based dynamic conditional correlation approach. Group differences in dFC variability were examined, and a machine\u2010learning model was used to predict NSSI based on dFC features. Mediation analysis explored the dFC's role in the relationship between depressive symptoms and NSSI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Adolescents with NSSI exhibited reduced dFC variability, which mediated the relationship between depressive severity and NSSI behavior (a*b\u2009=\u20090.144;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.001). Key connections\u2014insula, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and hippocampus\u2014were critical in distinguishing NSSI from non\u2010NSSI groups. Machine learning models based on these connections achieved robust and stable performance with mean AUC of 0.84 and PR\u2010AUC of 0.94 in predicting NSSI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altered dFC within the fronto\u2010limbic network may underlie NSSI in adolescents with MDD, identifying preliminary neural features for targeted interventions and highlighting neurobiological heterogeneity associated with NSSI in adolescents with MDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.71023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T06:34:41Z","timestamp":1784702081000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Abnormal Dynamic Functional Connectivity Within the Fronto\u2010Limbic Network Mediates the Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Non\u2010Suicidal Self\u2010Injury in Adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yongjie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University  Shenzhen China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengmiao","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education; 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