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Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) features a high inflammatory burden, yet the role of ChP in AE remains unclear. This study compared choroid plexus volume (CPV) at symptom onset between AE patients and healthy controls (HCs), and evaluated its association with prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single\u2010center study included 151 AE patients with definite autoantibodies. ChP volume (CPV) was segmented from baseline 3D\u2010T1 MRI and normalized. Baseline CPV was compared between AE and age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched HCs, and its associations with 12\u2010month functional outcomes (mRS) and progression to autoimmune encephalitis\u2010associated epilepsy (AEAE) were assessed. A logistic regression model based on ChP radiomic features was developed to predict AEAE. Exploratory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteomics and metabolomics were performed in a small subset to generate hypotheses on underlying pathways.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 151 AE patients, 141 completed 12\u2010month follow\u2010up; 26 (18.4%) developed AEAE. AE patients had significantly larger CPV than controls (1.235\u2009\u00b1\u20090.274 vs. 1.035\u2009\u00b1\u20090.264,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Larger baseline CPV was significantly associated with AEAE and mRS (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). A two\u2010feature radiomic model (RunEntropy and original volume) predicted AEAE with AUCs of 0.766 (training) and 0.851 (test). Exploratory proteomics in a subset suggested CPV\u2010correlated downregulation of glutamatergic synapse pathways and upregulation of PI3K\u2010Akt\/integrin pathways.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline CPV was greater in AE patients than in HCs, and larger baseline CPV was associated with progression to AEAE and poor one\u2010year functional outcomes. ChP imaging may aid in early risk stratification for AE patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.71048","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T08:57:57Z","timestamp":1789030677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Choroid Plexus Abnormalities in Autoimmune Encephalitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8607-6441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueqian","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"National Center for Clinical Medicine of Neurological Diseases  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihao","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7658-1399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"National Center for Clinical Medicine of Neurological Diseases  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou 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