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This randomized, sham\u2010controlled study investigated whether high\u2010definition transcranial alternating current stimulation (HD\u2010tACS) over the MFC could improve executive function in PD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010eight PD patients were randomized to receive either active 6\u2010Hz HD\u2010tACS or sham stimulation over the MFC for 10 daily sessions. Executive function was assessed using the Digit Span Test (DST), Trail Making Test (TMT), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), the Simon task, and the stop\u2010signal task (SST). Functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was employed to assess prefrontal hemodynamic responses during a separate VFT task.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Relative to sham stimulation, active 6\u2010Hz HD\u2010tACS induced significant improvements in TMT\u2010A, TMT\u2010B, and semantic VFT performance, along with reduced VFT\u2010evoked oxyhemoglobin responses in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Baseline\u2010adjusted post\u2010intervention analyses revealed a smaller Simon effect and a higher inhibition rate in the active HD\u2010tACS group. No significant stimulation\u2010specific effects were observed for forward or backward DST, phonemic VFT, or SST reaction time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings provide neurobehavioral evidence that 6\u2010Hz HD\u2010tACS over the MFC may selectively improve executive function in PD, highlighting the potential of oscillatory neuromodulation for cognitive rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This trial was registered at\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      (No. NCT07240272) on November 20, 2025.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n     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