{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T07:19:06Z","timestamp":1787901546998,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients exhibit increased neurodegenerative diseases and mortality risks, implying a shared heart\u2010brain aging pathway. As a composite biological aging predictor, the association of Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) with mortality and the mediating role of brain health remain unclear in CVD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 4104 CVD patients (57.3% male, mean age 67.3\u2009years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (median follow\u2010up of 7.2\u2009years), weighted regression models examined associations of PhenoAge and its acceleration with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and mortality. Mediation effects of the association between PhenoAge and mortality explained by AD and PD were quantified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean PhenoAge was 69.9\u2009years, and AD and PD prevalences were 7.6% and 1.8%. Each 5\u2010year increment of PhenoAge acceleration independently increased risks of AD (OR\u2009=\u20091.24; 95% CI:1.13,1.36), PD (OR\u2009=\u20091.22; 95% CI:1.02,1.46), and all\u2010cause mortality (HR\u2009=\u20091.30; 95% CI:1.24,1.36). AD and PD mediated 20.46%\u201333.18% of the association between PhenoAge and mortality. Early\u2010onset CVD amplified biological aging\u2010related mortality risk, while a healthier lifestyle attenuated the CVD mortality risk (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>interaction<\/jats:sub>\n                      &lt;\u20090.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accelerated biological aging was associated with adverse brain health outcomes and mortality in CVD patients, with AD and PD as significant mediators. PhenoAge assessment may identify high\u2010risk individuals for personalized heart\u2010brain aging prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.71059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T14:29:37Z","timestamp":1785335377000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Accelerated Biological Aging, Neurodegenerative Disease, and Mortality in Cardiovascular Disease Patients: Mediation and Modification Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2979-1734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyue","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Stroke Administration Office Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Stroke Prevention, Treatment &amp; Translational Research Laboratory Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4247-7088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Beijing Hospital, National Center for Gerontology, National Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of NHC, Institute of Geriatric Medicine Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4810-8534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guohua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Stroke Administration Office Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Stroke Prevention, Treatment &amp; Translational Research Laboratory Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.030780"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fepid.2023.1095236"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2025.0527"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-025-01180-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-025-00700-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.325637"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38013-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2025.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbr039"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13080"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.03.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002718"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101414"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-026-01268-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-025-01016-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13562"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-80462-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-021-00480-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0000000000000941"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70785"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.135743"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2007.119"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0800-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.63425"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002629"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-025-01105-7"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2023-331917","article-title":"Clinical Biomarker\u2010Based Biological Ageing and Future Risk of Neurological Disorders in the UK Biobank","volume":"95","author":"Mak J. 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