{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:57:58Z","timestamp":1790618278349,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62003228"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62003228"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["CNS Neurosci Ther"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasingly conceptualized as a neurodevelopmental condition involving atypical organization of large\u2010scale neural dynamics. While EEG studies have largely focused on spectral power and connectivity, how neural signal complexity is organized across development in ASD remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Resting\u2010state EEG was recorded from 186 children aged 3\u201311\u2009years, including children with ASD and typically developing (TD) peers. Participants were further categorized into preschool\u2010aged and school\u2010aged groups to examine developmental differences. Multiscale entropy (MSE) was computed across 20 temporal scales to characterize neural signal complexity, and group differences, age\u2010related patterns, and associations with autism symptom severity were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across the full sample, children with ASD exhibited significantly higher MSE than TD children across brain regions and temporal scales. Group differences were most pronounced in preschool\u2010aged children, whereas in school\u2010aged children they were more restricted to lower temporal scales and frontoparietal regions. In TD children, MSE increased robustly with age across scales, while age\u2010related associations in ASD were more variable and region\u2010specific. Additionally, individual differences in MSE were associated with autism symptom severity, particularly in frontal and parietal regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that ASD is characterized by atypical developmental organization of neural signal complexity across temporal scales, underscoring the importance of a multiscale developmental perspective for understanding neural dynamics in autism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cns.71173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T09:59:41Z","timestamp":1790071181000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Atypical Age\u2010Related Patterns of Neural Signal Complexity in Autism Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0206-8227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junxia","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology Capital Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1856-0674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linya","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology Capital Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rihong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongliao Special Education School  Tongliao Inner Mongolia China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaozhou","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dunyi Rehabilitation and Education Center  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology Capital Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1813-8249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guoqian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical Engineering Yanshan University  Qinhuangdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1359-5130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning &amp; IDG\/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Beijing Normal University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291724000138"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229\u2010025\u201000641\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900390106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12701\/jyms.2024.00668"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2021.100945"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2016.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689\u2010021\u201009405\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.89.068102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.71.021906"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579415000073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02211820"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","volume-title":"SCQ: Social Communication Questionnaire: Manuale","author":"Rutter M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0734282913517525"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rasd.2012.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2003.809476"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2022.3192431"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2017.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2961"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.07.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2009.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plrev.2011.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705843104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-013-1915-7"}],"container-title":["CNS Neuroscience &amp; Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cns.71173","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cns.71173","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cns.71173","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:12:20Z","timestamp":1790615540000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cns.71173"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cns.71173"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cns.71173","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-5930","1755-5949"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1755-5930","type":"print"},{"value":"1755-5949","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71173"}}