{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T13:18:54Z","timestamp":1787663934993,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Pharm in Drug Dev"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Clopidogrel is often co\u2010prescribed with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to reduce gastrointestinal bleeding risk. However, some PPIs, especially pantoprazole, inhibit CYP2C19, potentially reducing clopidogrel's activation. Ilaprazole, a newer PPI primarily metabolized via CYP3A4, may offer reduced interaction. The study was an open\u2010label, randomized trial that involved 36 healthy male volunteers, who were divided into three groups (n = 12 each): Group 1 (Clopidogrel + Placebo), Group 2 (Clopidogrel + Pantoprazole 40\u00a0mg), and Group 3 (Clopidogrel + Ilaprazole 10\u00a0mg). After 7 days of treatment, all participants received clopidogrel 75\u00a0mg on Day 8. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were analyzed using LC\u2010MS\/MS and platelet aggregation by light transmission aggregometry at 0, 4, 10, and 24 h. Pantoprazole significantly reduced clopidogrel AUC (1.96 \u00b1 0.20 vs 8.27 \u00b1 1.04\u00a0ng\u00b7h\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a0.0005), C\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    (0.76 \u00b1 0.04 vs 2.6 \u00b1 1.01\u00a0ng\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u00a0.0136), and t\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (1.72 \u00b1 0.11 vs 2.22 \u00b1 0.17\u00a0h,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u00a0.0312), indicating reduced bioavailability. Geometric mean ratio (GMR) analysis showed a marked reduction in clopidogrel exposure with pantoprazole (C\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    GMR 0.31, 90% CI 0.18\u20130.53; AUC GMR 0.24, 90% CI 0.19\u20130.29), and platelet aggregation was significantly higher at 4 and 10 h (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a0.05). In contrast, ilaprazole preserved PK parameters (AUC 10.18 \u00b1 1.41, C\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    3.06 \u00b1 1.05), GMRs near unity (C\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    1.20, 90% CI 0.60\u20132.42; AUC 1.23, 90% CI 0.97\u20131.55), indicating no inhibitory effect and platelet inhibition comparable to placebo (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;\u00a0.05) Ilaprazole did not affect clopidogrel pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics, suggesting it as a safer alternative to pantoprazole in dual antiplatelet therapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpdd.70095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T11:13:31Z","timestamp":1787224411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Pharmacokinetic Interaction and Clinical Efficacy of Clopidogrel Co\u2010administered with Ilaprazole"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Damodharan","family":"N","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics SRM College of Pharmacy SRM Institute of Science and Technology  Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyadharshini","family":"A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice SRM College of Pharmacy SRM Institute of Science and Technology  Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayakumar","family":"T M","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice SRM College of Pharmacy SRM Institute of Science and Technology  Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"N A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Gastroenterology SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre SRM Institute of Science and Technology  Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.029132"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx2004085"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"623","article-title":"The pharmacist's guide to antiplatelet and proton pump inhibitor use","volume":"59","author":"American Pharmacists Association","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-8-81"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcha.2018.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000027411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2018.1461835"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4292\/wjgpt.v6.i2.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-6-201003160-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.110.960997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2010.219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gande.2025.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270011408611"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/fsoa-2023-0277"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18311\/jeoh\/2025\/42066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-009-0960-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52711\/0974-360X.2025.00160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0115701638334244241224062453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.12.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-02872-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH).2024.M12 Drug Interaction Studies: Guidance for Industry. International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH);2024.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/regulatory\u2010information\/search\u2010fda\u2010guidance\u2010documents\/m12\u2010drug\u2010interaction\u2010studies."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.973362"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.082001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.2202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084985"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.952804"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061366"}],"container-title":["Clinical Pharmacology in Drug Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cpdd.70095","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cpdd.70095","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cpdd.70095","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:23:49Z","timestamp":1787660629000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/accp1.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cpdd.70095"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cpdd.70095"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpdd.70095","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2160-763X","2160-7648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2160-763X","type":"print"},{"value":"2160-7648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70095"}}