{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:27:47Z","timestamp":1789612067645,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004686","name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Faisal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KFU260806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KFU260806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004686","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comprehensive Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The global restriction of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) has accelerated the search for sustainable nutritional alternatives that support growth performance and intestinal health of poultry. Postbiotics and their bioactive metabolites derived from probiotic microorganisms have emerged as promising candidates due to their functional stability and immunometabolic regulatory potential. This study evaluated the effects of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus acidophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010derived postbiotics on growth performance, nutrient sensing, intestinal barrier integrity, immune response, antioxidant status, and gut microbiota in broiler chickens. For this purpose, a total of 400\u2009day\u2010old broilers were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with graded postbiotic supplementation (0.0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%) for 42\u2009days. Growth performance, immune and antioxidant indices, intestinal and hepatic histomorphology, gene expression, and cecal microbial composition were assessed. Broilers receiving 1.0% and 2.0% postbiotics exhibited significantly higher average daily gain and feed intake compared with controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Postbiotic supplementation enhanced systemic immunity, reflected by increased serum IgA, IgG, and IgM levels and elevated spleen and bursa indices. Improved intestinal morphology was evidenced by increased duodenal villus height and villus height\u2010to\u2010crypt depth ratio, while hepatic tissues showed reduced inflammation and fibrosis. Molecular analyzes revealed upregulation of nutrient transporters (SGLT1, PepT1), tight junction protein ZO\u20101, and antioxidant enzyme GPX1, alongside downregulation of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u20106). Additionally, postbiotics increased the abundance of beneficial cecal taxa, including coliforms, Lactobacillus, and total plate count. Collectively,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>L. acidophilus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010derived postbiotics improve broiler performance by coordinating nutrient transporter regulation, antioxidant signaling, and inflammatory control, supporting their application as a sustainable AGPs alternative.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cph4.70139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T02:25:58Z","timestamp":1774837558000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus<\/i>\n                    Postbiotics Differentially Modulate Nutrient Sensing, Intestinal Barrier Integrity, and Inflammatory Signaling in Broiler"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Meng","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liaoning Anyou Biotechnology Co., Ltd.  Shenyang Liaoning Province People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyun","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences Changchun Sci\u2010Tech University  Changchun Jilin Province People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atique Ahmed","family":"Behan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences Sultan Qaboos University  Muscat Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shabbir","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Animal Husbandry &amp; Veterinary Science Sindh Agriculture University  Tandojam Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5858-8175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Asif","family":"Arain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences  Uthal Balochistan Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4558-800X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazrin","family":"Malikli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7141-4555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jameel Ahmed","family":"Budar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Turin  Grugliasco Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5520-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hesham","family":"Hassanien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal and Fish Production Department, College of Agricultural and Food Science King Faisal University  Al\u2010Ahsa Saudi 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