{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:48:42Z","timestamp":1791607722765,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comprehensive Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the temporal effects and additional characteristics of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) intervention on heart rate variability (HRV) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) function in young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Portable single\u2010lead ambulatory ECG devices were used to collect HRV data. Fourteen young male participants underwent five daily 90\u2010min HBO sessions. HRV was measured before intervention (T0), 2\u2009h after the fifth session (T1), and 1\u2009month later (T2). Circadian variation characteristics were further investigated by segmenting data into daytime and nighttime periods and calculating \u0394HRV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following five HBO sessions, the young adults showed progressive increases in HTI, TINN, and DFA\u03b12 from T0 to T2, with TINN significantly higher at T2 than at T0 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Sympathetic tone\u2010related indices (daytime SDANN, SDNNI, and SD2) were significantly higher at T2 compared to T0 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and their corresponding \u0394HRV values were significantly reduced at T2 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, no significant changes were observed in vagal tone indicators (such as RMSSD, NN50, HF, SD1) or other HRV parameters. The maximal heart rate at T2 was significantly lower than at T0 (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.036).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five sessions of HBO intervention significantly enhanced the overall ANS function in young adults during the daytime 1\u2009month post\u2010intervention, reduced heart rate and daytime sympathetic activity, and effectively narrowed circadian differences in both overall ANS and sympathetic function. No significant effects were observed on vagal tone related indices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cph4.70169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T08:11:17Z","timestamp":1779351077000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Temporal Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Intervention on Heart Rate Variability in Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hongyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology The Affiliated Tianfu Hospital of Southwest Medical University (Meishan Tianfu New Area People's Hospital)  Meishan China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology The General Hospital of Western Theater Command  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine Southwest Jiaotong University  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen The General Hospital of Western Theater Command  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient Administration Office General Hospital of the Western Theater Command  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen The General Hospital of Western Theater Command  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen The General Hospital of Western Theater Command  Chengdu 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