{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:30:20Z","timestamp":1791066620024,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]],"date-time":"2011-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1308700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemPhysChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two series of CdSe quantum dots (QDs) with different diameters are prepared, according to frequently used protocols of the same synthetic procedure. For each sample the photophysical properties and the potentials for the first reduction and oxidation processes in organic solution are determined. The band gap obtained from electrochemical experiments is compared with that determined from the absorption and luminescence spectra. While the optical band gap decreases upon increasing the nanocrystal diameter, as expected on the basis of quantum confinement, the redox potentials and the electrochemical band gap are not monotonously related to the QD size. For both series, the smallest and largest QDs are both easier to oxidize and reduce than mid\u2010sized QDs. In fact, the latter samples exhibit very broad voltammetric profiles, which suggests that the heterogeneous electron\u2010transfer processes from\/to the electrode are kinetically hindered. Conversely, the electrochemical band gap for the smallest and largest particles of each series is somewhat smaller than the optical band gap. These results indicate that, while the optical band gap depends on the actual electron\u2013hole recombination within the nanocrystal, and therefore follows the size dependence expected from the particle\u2010in\u2010a\u2010box model, the electrochemical processes of these QDs are strongly affected by other factors, such as the presence of surface defects. The investigations suggest that the influence of these defects on the potential values is more important for the smallest and largest QDs of each series, as confirmed by the respective luminescence bands and quantum yields. An interpretation for the size\u2010dependent evolution of the surface defects in these nanocrystals is proposed based on the mechanism of their formation and growth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.201100300","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]],"date-time":"2011-06-22T08:52:25Z","timestamp":1308732745000},"page":"2280-2288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Structural and Size Effects on the Spectroscopic and Redox Properties of CdSe Nanocrystals in Solution: The Role of Defect States"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Amelia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Impellizzeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Silvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7isco M.","family":"Raymo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Credi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pc.41.100190.002401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5251.933"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104274"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1248"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","unstructured":"See for example:"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b517613c"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b804151m"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.200800841"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr900137k"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ar9001069"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","volume-title":"Nanoparticles: From Theory to Applications","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","volume-title":"Semiconductor and Metal Nanocrystals","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","volume-title":"Semiconductor Nanocrystal Quantum Dots","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","volume-title":"Quantum Dot Sensors: Technology and Commercial Applications","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00072a025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10847-006-9152-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b809952a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/B813919A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","unstructured":"For recent examples see:"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja074164s"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja902712b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp9060329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b817569a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.200906399","volume":"122","author":"Gei\u00dfler D.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Angew. 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dependence of the ligand packing density on the curvature of the nanocrystal surface could also be relevant to the interpretation of the size\u2010dependent electrochemical response. Specifically the ligand could reach an optimal packing for the mid\u2010sized QDs thereby shielding the surface defects and hampering the heterogeneous electron transfer to\/from the nanocrystal. To investigate this effect however a more refined tweaking of the ligand choice is required."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja808084y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nn7003469"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_92_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja003633m"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0363563"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_95_2","unstructured":"\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja0173167"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/nl0496724"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420015195"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_99_2","volume-title":"Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd","author":"Bard A. 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