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Here, the influence of excitation power density, excitation pulse length, excitation wavelength, silica shell, and solvent on the LIR and its temperature response is reported. The primary objective is to study the LIR mechanism and the impact of measurement and environmental parameters on the calibration and precision of the LIR. The LIR value is demonstrated to be unaffected by the excitation intensity in the studied range. This result is essential, considering the application feasibility of the LIR method as temperature sensor, where the effective excitation power density depends on the sample matrix and the distance excitation light travels in the sample. The pulsed excitation, however, results in an increase in the LIR value upon short pulse width. Silanization of bare nanocrystals has no effect on the LIR values, but the local warming of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O samples under laser exposure results in slightly increased LIR values compared to other solvents; D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, oleic acid, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The thermal quenching of luminescence lifetimes of Er<jats:sup>3+<\/jats:sup> emission is proved to be too weak for sensing applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.201601355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T07:23:52Z","timestamp":1484033032000},"page":"692-701","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Environmental and Excitation Power Effects on the Ratiometric Upconversion Luminescence Based Temperature Sensing Using Nanocrystalline NaYF<sub>4<\/sub>:Yb<sup>3+<\/sup>,Er<sup>3+<\/sup>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5220-8418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iko","family":"Hypp\u00e4nen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Turku  Vatselankatu 2 20014 Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Niina","family":"Per\u00e4l\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry\/Biotechnology University of Turku  Tykist\u00f6katu 6 A 20520 Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9930-1676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riikka","family":"Arppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry\/Biotechnology University of Turku  Tykist\u00f6katu 6 A 20520 Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Sch\u00e4ferling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing Division 1.10: Biophotonics  Richard-Willst\u00e4tter-Str. 11 12489 Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tero","family":"Soukka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry\/Biotechnology University of Turku  Tykist\u00f6katu 6 A 20520 Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/cr020357g"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2050-6120\/3\/3\/034004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2006.076687"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2013.114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"235","volume-title":"Lanthan. 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