{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T04:28:25Z","timestamp":1786768105109,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemPhysChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Here we develop an elasticity\u2010based theory of crystallization in glasses that incorporates structural heterogeneity, fictive temperature, and polymorph\u2010mediated pathways. In a glass, structural degrees of freedom are effectively frozen, so that the fictive temperature\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    remains higher than the ambient temperature\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    , rendering the system intrinsically out of equilibrium. A central result is that the crystal\u2013glass interfacial penalty is renormalized in fragile systems by soft, liquid\u2010like regions, leading to a subquadratic mismatch energy scaling as\n                    <jats:italic>\u03a3R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>3\/2<\/jats:sup>\n                    rather than the classical\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    form. Applying this framework to ethanol, we show that nucleation proceeds preferentially via a two\u2010step route through a plastic crystalline polymorph. The associated barriers are dramatically reduced: the glass\u2010to\u2010plastic step exhibits barriers of only \u2004\u223c5\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    , compared to \u2004\u223c10\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\n                    for the direct glass\u2010to\u2010crystal transition. This large separation explains the dominance of the Ostwald pathway and the emergence of a pronounced time\u2013temperature\u2013transformation (TTT) nose. In contrast, silica retains the classical\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    scaling due to its rigid network, leading to very large barriers and suppressed bulk nucleation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cphc.70533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T02:06:17Z","timestamp":1786673177000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Crystallization of Glasses: A Theoretical Analysis of the Role of Fragility and Polymorphism in Crystals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7146-5994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biman","family":"Bagchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit Indian Institute of Science  Bengaluru India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp4031199"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5054151"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jpcc.9b03551"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","volume-title":"Metastable Liquids: Concepts and Principles","author":"Debenedetti P. 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