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In this review, we provide an overview of the pathogenesis of apnea of prematurity\u2014including our current understanding of the role that afferent input to the brain stem plays in synergy with the central pattern generation circuitry in the emergence of apnea of prematurity. We then discuss the interplay of apnea, bradycardia, desaturation, as well as the genesis of central, mixed, and obstructive apnea. Finally, we provide a summary of the physiological basis for current therapeutic approaches to treating apnea of prematurity, and conclude with an overview of proposed long\u2010term consequences of the resultant intermittent hypoxic episodes. \u00a9 2012 American Physiological Society.\n            <jats:italic>Compr Physiol<\/jats:italic>\n            2:2923\u20102931, 2012.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c100021","type":"other","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,19]],"date-time":"2012-09-19T09:15:47Z","timestamp":1348046147000},"page":"2923-2931","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Apnea of Prematurity"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2009.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.90.4.1570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20832"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/sper.2001.23199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2004.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2011.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199002000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91590.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.187211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00058.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/pdr.0b013e3180534171"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e318155868e"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"Respiratory muscle responses to changes in chemoreceptor drive in infants","volume":"68","author":"Carlo WA","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2005.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e31818d66b1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(01)00338-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2010.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2010.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.6.1304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.01.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000087627"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2004.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10185"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01059.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-198712000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-90-481-2259-2_28"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"58","article-title":"Apnea of prematurity: I. 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