{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:42:23Z","timestamp":1787067743925,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,17]],"date-time":"2013-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SPP 1415"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SPP 1415"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Core Facility BioSupraMol"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007537","name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemPlusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The mass spectrometric characterisation of bismuth\u2013oxido clusters is described together with tandem mass spectrometric experiments aimed at investigating their gas\u2010phase chemistry. Clusters with different ligand shells (nitrate, salicylates, and methacrylate) and different sizes ({Bi\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    }, {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>26<\/jats:sub>\n                    }, and {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>38<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>45<\/jats:sub>\n                    }) were selected for this study. The following aspects were addressed by (tandem) electrospray ionisation Fourier\u2010transform ion\u2010cyclotron\u2010resonance (ESI\u2010FTICR) mass spectrometry: 1)\u2005Electrospray ionisation was used successfully for the generation of intact cluster ions, but led to rather complicated distributions of charge states and solvent adducts. The cluster core remained intact. 2)\u2005Mass spectrometry was used to follow the cluster growth from {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    } to {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>27<\/jats:sub>\n                    } and finally {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>38<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>45<\/jats:sub>\n                    } clusters. These experiments revealed that careful tuning of the conditions is required to avoid precipitates forming that hamper ESI ionisation. The stages of growth strongly depend on the experimental conditions. 3)\u2005Fragmentation experiments in the gas phase performed with the {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>27<\/jats:sub>\n                    } clusters obtained in the growth experiments resulted in the preferential formation of {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    } fragments and point to the particular stability of this cluster and its role in cluster growth. 4)\u2005Solution\u2010phase ligand\u2010exchange reactions on {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>22<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>26<\/jats:sub>\n                    } salicylate clusters were qualitatively monitored by mass spectrometry, but were limited by the complicated ion series formed that led to overlapping isotope patterns. 5)\u2005A number of fragmentation reactions occurred within the ligand shell when the clusters surrounded by an organic ligand shell were subjected to infrared multiphoton dissociation experiments. 6)\u2005For the nitrate clusters, fragmentation within the core was observed yielding {Bi\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>8<\/jats:sub>\n                    } fragments together with the corresponding clusters of reduced size.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cplu.201300122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,17]],"date-time":"2013-06-17T12:10:31Z","timestamp":1371471031000},"page":"1005-1014","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Mass Spectrometry and Gas\u2010Phase Chemistry of Bismuth\u2013Oxido Clusters"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"78","author":[{"given":"Dominik","family":"Sattler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maik","family":"Schlesinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Mehring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph A.","family":"Schalley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/b819534j"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","unstructured":"Selected examples:"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"828","volume":"38","author":"Sokolov M. 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