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In this research, paraformaldehyde is used as hydrogen carrier. Several bifunctional catalysts are prepared for the hydrogen generation from paraformaldehyde. The bifunctional catalysts contain two catalytically active sites. One is a sulfonic acid group for paraformaldehyde hydrolysis, and the other is an organometallic group that catalyzes the hydrogen release from formaldehyde. Bifunctional iridium catalysts and bifunctional rhodium catalysts could only generate traces of hydrogen in the initial phase of paraformaldehyde decomposition. Only the bifunctional ruthenium catalyst shows high activity due to its bifunctional catalytically active sites, thus more than 98.0\u2009% of the initially produced gas contains hydrogen. The initial TOF is 685\u2005h<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> at 363\u2005K when the paraformaldehyde concentration is 20\u2005wt%. A reaction mechanism is proposed for the hydrogen generation from paraformaldehyde in which formaldehyde and formic acid are intermediates Formic acid decomposition is the rate\u2010determining step in the later phase of paraformaldehyde decomposition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cplu.202000394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T01:25:20Z","timestamp":1594862720000},"page":"1646-1654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hydrogen Generation from Catalytic Reforming of Paraformaldehyde and Water by Polymeric Bifunctional Catalysts Comprising Ruthenium and Sulfonic Acid Units"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0731-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yangbin","family":"Shen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Science and Devices Suzhou University of Science and Technology  Suzhou 215009 P. 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