{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T01:36:58Z","timestamp":1776649018311,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ChemPlusChem"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This work studies the kinetics of platinum leaching using HClO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. The experiments are carried out by dissolving small pieces of high\u2010purity platinum with an irregular shape. The knowledge obtained can be useful for leaching minerals with disseminated native platinum in refractory minerals, such as silicates, of which there are large quantities in nature but are not processed due to their great refractoriness. The results show that increasing the temperature and the HClO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> concentration increases the leaching rate. Interestingly, for each HClO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> concentration, an H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HClO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u20092.5 ratio exists that optimizes the leaching kinetics. The best operating conditions are \u224870\u2009\u00b0C, [HClO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>] 3\u2009<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, and [H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>] 7.2\u2009<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>. From kinetic analysis, it is concluded that the leaching process is governed by a mixed control stage (diffusion in the boundary layer and surface chemical reaction). In addition, it is proposed that the leaching process mechanism is supported by fundamental thermodynamic and experimental results, highlighting the importance of chlorine gas for this novel extraction method that reaches elevated recoveries. This process is also interesting because the chemical system can potentially weaken the crystallographic structure of silicates (very important), increasing the feasibility of extracting the partially not\u2010liberated precious metals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cplu.202500088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T08:01:54Z","timestamp":1747641714000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Using the HClO<sub>4<\/sub>\u2013H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub> System for Efficient Platinum Leaching: Optimal Conditions and Kinetics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Anailda","family":"Alvarado\u2010G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgy Department Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional  Industria Metal\u00fargica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe\u2013Saltillo Ramos Arizpe Coahuila C.P. 25900 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3746-1594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010Garibay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgy Department Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional  Industria Metal\u00fargica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe\u2013Saltillo Ramos Arizpe Coahuila C.P. 25900 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3566-2835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Fuentes\u2010Aceituno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgy Department Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional  Industria Metal\u00fargica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe\u2013Saltillo Ramos Arizpe Coahuila C.P. 25900 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9194-9363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Arellano\u2010Pi\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgical Engineering Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional UPIIZ\u2013Zacatecas  Circuito del Gato 202, Ciudad Administrativa Zacatecas  Zacatecas C.P. 98160 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2267-2989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Mendieta\u2010Georges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metallurgy Department Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional  Industria Metal\u00fargica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe\u2013Saltillo Ramos Arizpe Coahuila C.P. 25900 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"WPIC \u201cSe prev\u00e9 un d\u00e9ficit de platino de 303 koz en 2023 al reducirse el super\u00e1vit de 2022\u201d can be found underhttps:\/\/platinuminvestment.com\/files\/943647\/WPIC_PR_PQ_Q3_2022_20221122_ES.pdf2022(accessed: November 10 2022)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"624","volume-title":"Qu\u00edmica Inorg\u00e1nica Descriptiva","author":"Rayner\u2013Canham G.","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cep.2021.108581"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/met10040485"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"J.Matthey \u201cProduction of PGM\u201d can be found underhttp:\/\/www.platinum.matthey.com\/aboutpgm\/2016(accessed: May 4 2023)."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optmat.2021.111896"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reactfunctpolym.2005.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.106110"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"111","volume-title":"Yacimientos Minerales: Los Tesoros De La Tierra","author":"Carles C. 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