{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:13:48Z","timestamp":1791332028364,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,3]],"date-time":"2015-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Psychology and Psychoth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>People with psychosis often report distressing visual hallucinations (VH). In contrast to auditory hallucinations, there is little empirical evidence on effective interventions. The effectiveness of a novel\u2010focused cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention for VH was explored using a multiple baseline single case design with four participants. Change to individual appraisals, emotional and behavioural responses to VH were measured with daily diaries kept throughout the baseline and intervention phase lasting up to 16 sessions. Maintenance of change was tracked during a follow\u2010up period of one month. Changes in appraisals, distress and response in accordance with the theory was evident in two out of four of the cases. However, change occurred within the baseline phase that limited the conclusions that change could be attributed to CBT alone. There was some evidence of clinically significant change and reliable change for two out of four of the cases at follow\u2010up on one of the standardized psychiatric assessments. The research reported here has theoretical and clinical implications for refinement of the model and interventions for distressing VH. Copyright \u00a9 2015 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Practitioner Message<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Distressing visual hallucinations (VH) are a relatively common symptom of psychosis.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Visual hallucinations seem to be associated with greater impairment and disability.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We have no specific treatment for VH.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The appraisal of the visual experience and the behavioural response is important in maintaining the distress.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Cognitive\u2013behavioural therapy for VH at present has limited value.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.1962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T07:33:56Z","timestamp":1433403236000},"page":"285-297","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Is Seeing Believing? The Process of Change During Cognitive\u2013behavioural Therapy for Distressing Visual Hallucinations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Rea","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Collerton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust Bensham Hospital  Gateshead UK"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Freeston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"},{"name":"Newcastle Cognitive and Behavioural Therapies Centre Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Christodoulides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South of Tyne Early Intervention in Psychosis Service Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Dudley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"},{"name":"South of Tyne Early Intervention in Psychosis Service Northumberland, Tyne and Wear NHS Foundation Trust  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534650109334818"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/bech.16.2.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1195\/bjp.164.2.190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(86)90011-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465804001626"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2012.699543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465811000750"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmh.1.1.70"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","volume-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR Axis I disorders\u2010patient edition","author":"First M. 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