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The present narrative review assesses the existing literature in these areas trying to identify their different levels of clinical evidence. Specifically, the review presents four clinical approaches based upon VR and their implications in the treatment of eating disorders: VR cue exposure, VR reference frame shifting, VR for correcting body distortions and attentional biases. In general, existing findings demonstrate the clinical value of VR. On one side, the present review suggests that two VR\u2010based techniques\u2014VR exposure and reference frame shifting\u2014have a significant research support and provide a possible advantage over traditional cognitive\u2010behavioural therapy (CBT) for bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. On the other side, two emerging VR applications\u2014multisensory body illusions and the use of VR for the modification of attentional biases\u2014even if supported by preliminary data still need further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T19:01:33Z","timestamp":1622228493000},"page":"477-488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["Virtual reality in the treatment of eating disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3657-106X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Riva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Technology for Neuro\u2010Psychology Lab. Istituto Auxologico Italiano  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Humane Technology Lab. 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