{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T05:07:36Z","timestamp":1789967256694,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Psychology and Psychoth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have reported childhood emotional maltreatment (CEM) to be associated with specific obsessive\u2013compulsive (OC) symptoms, but maladaptive coping, which may be the underlying mechanism in this relationship, has not been evaluated yet. Thus, the present study aimed to examine the effects of CEM on the OC symptoms of responsibility for harm and unacceptable thoughts, as well as obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder (OCD) severity, through maladaptive coping, including cognitive avoidance, experiential avoidance and emotional suppression in OCD patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009360). The results showed that CEM had direct effects, as well as indirect effects via cognitive and experiential avoidance and emotional suppression, on responsibility for harm and unacceptable thoughts. In addition, the indirect effect of CEM on OCD severity was significantly mediated by the roles of cognitive avoidance and experiential avoidance. The present study adds new literature to evidence indicating the role of early childhood events in developing and maintaining OCD in which adverse maladaptive coping related to unpleasant childhood abuse plays an important role in OCD. More precisely, OCD patients who experience a history of CEM may further use maladaptive coping to cope with their distress and subsequently experience responsibility for harm, unacceptable thoughts and severe OCD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,14]],"date-time":"2023-01-14T09:28:22Z","timestamp":1673688502000},"page":"620-630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Childhood emotional maltreatment, maladaptive coping and obsessive\u2013compulsive symptoms in patients with obsessive\u2013compulsive disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Faranak","family":"Kadivari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences Semnan University  Semnan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1160-2117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Najafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences Semnan University  Semnan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4314-0591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vahid","family":"Khosravani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioral Sciences Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0018260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2005.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2008.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(02)00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445509344180"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2017.03.023"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"335","article-title":"The relationship between post event processing and cognitive avoidance with social anxiety among students","volume":"4","author":"Bassak\u2010Nejad S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory\u2010II","author":"Beck A. T.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bs5020154"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-018-9911-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0145-2134(02)00541-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32598\/jpcp.7.4.281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2016.09.509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465815000703"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20008198.2020.1753942"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beth.2011.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926771.2010.522947"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2020.03.090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29399\/npa.23654"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2019.100453"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2013.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jts.20512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2014.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","volume-title":"Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u20105 Disorders (SCID\u20105\u2010RV), Research Version","author":"First M. B.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-6402.2009.01503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2019.112508"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.104.2.509-516"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","first-page":"85","article-title":"Factor structure, validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ\u2013II\u20137)","volume":"2","author":"Ghasemi N.","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2016.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.85.2.348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Handbook of emotion regulation","author":"Gross J. J.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2020.104446"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1352465811000051"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","first-page":"156","article-title":"Persian version of the emotion regulation questionnaire: Factor structure, reliability and validity","volume":"10","author":"Hasani J.","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Behavioral Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","volume-title":"Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change","author":"Hayes S. C.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2013.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2018.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.03.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","volume-title":"IBM statistics for Windows, Version 22","author":"IBM Corp","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-022-02718-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/24750573.2019.1636483"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2020.100522"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104197"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2020.100547"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.06.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2020.100536"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2021.1879867"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.05.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.06.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-018-9859-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","volume-title":"Principles and practice of structural equation modeling","author":"Kline R. B.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479-019-0101-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2017.08.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/1082-989x.1.2.130"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2007.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-6185(02)00224-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2014.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10608-018-9902-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2013.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2009.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.11.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22845"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465806003079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2582"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Yale\u2010Brown Obsessive\u2010Compulsive Scale (Y\u2010BOCS)","volume":"17","author":"Rajezi Esfahani S. R.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry & Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00104-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J135v06n01_04"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.104243"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcbs.2018.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/ijct_2016_09_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10926770903475968"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2018.1455689"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2019.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.12.054"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness\u2010of\u2010fit measures","volume":"8","author":"Schermelleh\u2010Engel K.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Methods of Psychological Research Online"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2007.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2005.01.006"},{"issue":"126","key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Structural equation modeling of the relationship between cognitive avoidance and rumination with clinical symptoms of OCD: Cognitive failure as a mediating variable","volume":"20","author":"Soleimani E.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Structural Equation Modeling"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocrd.2018.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000521"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.11.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579419000348"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/bumc.2014.78.2.177"}],"container-title":["Clinical Psychology &amp; Psychotherapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cpp.2829","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/cpp.2829","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cpp.2829","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T10:38:02Z","timestamp":1692441482000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cpp.2829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cpp.2829"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cpp.2829","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1063-3995","1099-0879"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1063-3995","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0879","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-04-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}