{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T14:49:42Z","timestamp":1747147782416,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Psychology and Psychoth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinicians can rely on the Impact Message Inventory\u2010Circumplex (IMI\u2010C) to map their emotional reactions to their patients' communication style in octant and main dimension scores on the two\u2010dimensional interpersonal circle, based on affiliation (AFF) and control (CON) as the underlying main dimensions. However, modern emotion theories distinguish three, rather than two, robust dimensions of emotional experience and the perception of interpersonal behaviours: (1) <jats:italic>positive<\/jats:italic> versus <jats:italic>negative evaluation<\/jats:italic> (related to AFF), (2) <jats:italic>strong<\/jats:italic> versus <jats:italic>weak<\/jats:italic> (related to CON) and (3) <jats:italic>active<\/jats:italic> versus <jats:italic>passive<\/jats:italic> (arousal). In a large Dutch patient sample (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20091,001), we first tested whether the two\u2010dimensional circumplex structure of the IMI\u2010C could be replicated using Browne's circumplex model. Then we explored whether a third dimension could be retrieved from therapists' IMI\u2010C responses using exploratory factor analysis, followed by orthogonal target rotation towards a partially specified target matrix, with the first two factors specified according to the circumplex structure, and the other factor(s) left free. The two\u2010dimensional circumplex of the IMI\u2010C could be validated to a fair extent. Using exploratory factor models, we found supporting evidence for a third factor, which could be interpreted as reflecting reactance (\u2018active\u2019 vs. \u2018passive\u2019 opposition). We recommend to extend the current two\u2010dimensional interpretation to a three\u2010dimensional interpretation of IMI\u2010C responses, by adding a reactance dimension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T01:08:29Z","timestamp":1674176909000},"page":"671-678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Does a three\u2010dimensional Impact Message Inventory\u2010Circumplex (IMI\u2010C) enclose an indirect measure of reactance?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1574-5032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Hafkenscheid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jewish Mental Health Services Arkin\/Sinai Center  Amersfoort the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1579-6964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marieke E.","family":"Timmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychometrics &amp; Statistics University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-014-9219-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"359","article-title":"Constructing emotion","volume":"20","author":"Barrett L. 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