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This kind of isolation has been found to be higher in individuals with nonnormative experiences, such as racial or sexual minorities. Bereaved individuals may experience a stronger sense of existential isolation and feel that no one shares their feelings or perceptions. However, research on bereaved people's experiences of existential isolation and its effects on post\u2010loss adaptation is scarce. This study aims to validate the German and Chinese versions of the Existential Isolation Scale, investigate cultural and gender differences in existential isolation and explore the associations between existential isolation and prolonged grief symptoms in German\u2010speaking and Chinese bereaved individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study with 267 Chinese and 158 German\u2010speaking bereaved participants was conducted. The participants completed self\u2010report questionnaires assessing existential isolation, prolonged grief symptoms, social networks, loneliness and social acknowledgement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results indicated that the German and Chinese versions of the Existential Isolation Scale demonstrated adequate validity and reliability. No cultural or gender differences (or their interaction) were found for existential isolation. Higher existential isolation was associated with elevated prolonged grief symptoms, which was further moderated by the cultural group. The relationship between existential isolation and prolonged grief symptoms was significant for the German\u2010speaking bereaved people but not significant for those from China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings highlight the role of existential isolation in the adaptation to bereavement and how different cultural backgrounds moderate the effect of existential isolation on post\u2010loss reactions. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.2846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T08:15:23Z","timestamp":1677744923000},"page":"862-872","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Existential isolation and prolonged grief in bereaved people: The moderating role of culture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ningning","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8639-2997","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yiming","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten V.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma, Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clare","family":"Killikelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Stelzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Maercker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Z\u00fcrich  Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juzhe","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Psychological Crisis Intervention, Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science East China Normal University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Helm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences University of Missouri\u2010Columbia  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/109662103764978470"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-85"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Associates. 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