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This study includes 32 patients, mainly diagnosed with adjustment disorder and undergoing time\u2010limited psychodynamic psychotherapy lasting up to 40 sessions, and will focus on early change in defence and coping. Observer\u2010rater methodology was applied to the transcripts of two sessions of the first part of the psychotherapeutic process. It is assumed that the contextual\u2013relational variable of therapeutic alliance intervenes as moderator on change in adaptational processes. Results corroborated the hypothesis, but only for coping, whereas for defences, overall functioning remained stable over the first 20 sessions of psychotherapy. These results are discussed within the framework of disentangling processes underlying adaptation, i.e., related to issues on trait and state aspects, as well as the role of the therapeutic alliance.\u2002Copyright \u00a9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]],"date-time":"2009-04-08T09:56:45Z","timestamp":1239184605000},"page":"408-417","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Early change in defence mechanisms and coping in short\u2010term dynamic psychotherapy: Relations with symptoms and alliance"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ueli","family":"Kramer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"De Roten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Michel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Nicholas","family":"Despland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.4.558"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"325","volume-title":"The psychotherapeutic process: A research handbook","author":"Alexander L.B.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Participant's perceptions of dimensions of the therapeutic alliance over the course of therapy","volume":"9","author":"Bachelor A.","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608305X25766"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Beretta V. de Roten Y. 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