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This study investigated the alleged role of these UCS\u2010expectancy biases in the maintenance of phobic complaints. First, this study sought to replicate these earlier findings in a community sample of high spider fearful individuals who applied for treatment (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 60) and a sample of low spider fear controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 30). Second, the present study tested if UCS\u2010expectancies disappear following successful treatment and whether there were any differences between harm and contamination\u2010related UCS expectancies in this respect. If contamination\u2010 and\/or harm\u2010related UCS\u2010expectancy biases play a critical role in the maintenance of spider fear, these biases should be substantially reduced after successful treatment. The results showed that spider fearful individuals associated spiders relatively strongly with both harm\u2010 and contamination\u2010related outcomes. Consistent with the alleged reciprocal relationship between phobic fear and UCS expectancy bias, both types of biased expectancies were effectively reduced following treatment.\u2002Copyright \u00a9 2010 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Key Practitioner Message:<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022 It will be studied whether disgust and fear are both important factors in spider phobia.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022 It is investigated whether a contamination\u2010related UCS\u2010expectancy bias is specific to spiders or to disgusting objects in general.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022 It is examined whether contamination\u2010related UCS\u2010expectancies can be effectively diminished using the treatment of choice in specific phobias, exposure in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,9]],"date-time":"2010-02-09T03:16:42Z","timestamp":1265685402000},"page":"510-518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Contamination and harm relevant UCS\u2010expectancy bias in spider phobic individuals: influence of treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"van Overveld","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"de Jong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorg","family":"Huijding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Madelon L.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0146-6402(93)90012-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(99)00077-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.121.1.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08917779208248798"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"Phobias; 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