{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:27:52Z","timestamp":1789586872767,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004847","name":"Zahedan University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IR.ZAUMS.REC.1398.229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IR.ZAUMS.REC.1398.229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Psychology and Psychoth"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study investigated the association between early maladaptive schemas, schema modes, emotion dysregulation and impulsivity in individuals with comorbid attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). The study included 110 patients with ADHD\u2010BPD comorbidity, 110 with only ADHD, 110 with only BPD, and 110 healthy controls, all assessed at Baharan Psychiatric Hospital in Iran. Diagnoses were established using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u20105 Disorders (SCID\u20105\u2010CV) and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u20105 Personality Disorders (SCID\u20105\u2010PD). Participants completed the Young Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire, the Schema Mode Inventory\u2013Short Form, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale\u2013Brief Form, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale\u201011. Results indicated that the ADHD\u2010BPD group exhibited significantly higher levels of emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, early maladaptive schemas, and schema modes compared to the other groups, except for the \u2018Happy Child\u2019 and \u2018Healthy Adult\u2019 schema modes, which were most prevalent in healthy controls. Regression analyses revealed that schema modes such as \u2018Angry Child\u2019 and \u2018Enraged Child\u2019, as well as early maladaptive schemas like \u2018Emotional Inhibition\u2019, \u2018Emotional Deprivation\u2019, \u2018Enmeshment\u2019, \u2018Subjugation\u2019, \u2018Self\u2010Punitiveness\u2019 and \u2018Defectiveness\/Shame\u2019, accounted for 85% of the variance in emotion dysregulation. Additionally, schema modes including \u2018Vulnerable Child\u2019, \u2018Demanding Parent\u2019 and \u2018Healthy Adult\u2019, along with early maladaptive schemas such as \u2018Pessimism\u2019, \u2018Emotional Inhibition\u2019, \u2018Failure\u2019 and \u2018Self\u2010Sacrifice\u2019, explained 74% of the variance in impulsivity. These findings highlight robust associations between early maladaptive schemas\/schema modes and core symptoms in ADHD\u2010BPD comorbidity, suggesting that Schema Therapy may be particularly beneficial for this population. The study underscores the importance of distinguishing patients with ADHD\u2010BPD from those with BPD alone, as comorbid individuals may encounter greater challenges in therapy, such as increased difficulties with adherence and homework completion. Future research should examine the effectiveness of Schema Therapy in addressing emotion dysregulation and impulsivity among these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.70206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T07:10:02Z","timestamp":1766041802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Schema Mechanisms Underlying Emotion Dysregulation and Impulsivity in Comorbid Attention\u2010Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder and Borderline Personality Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2970-6309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Khosravi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Zahedan University of Medical Sciences  Zahedan Iran"},{"name":"Health Promotion Research Center Zahedan University of Medical Sciences  Zahedan Iran"},{"name":"Community Nursing Research Center Zahedan University of Medical Sciences  Zahedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Construct Validity of Symptom Checklist\u201090\u2010Revised (SCL\u201090\u2010R) and General Health Questionnaire\u201028 (GHQ\u201028) in Patients With Drug Addiction and Diabetes, and Normal Population","volume":"45","author":"Ardakani A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Schema Therapy in Practice: An Introductory Guide to the Schema Mode Approach","author":"Arntz A.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920\u2010024\u201001492\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.10.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12465"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1087054717698814"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000833"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2016.01987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000380"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40479\u2010021\u201000162\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","volume-title":"User's Guide for the SCID\u20105\u2010CV (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM\u20105 Disorders: Clinical Version)","author":"First M. 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