{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:13:01Z","timestamp":1790734381763,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]],"date-time":"2019-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R24GM115264"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R24GM115264"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000051","name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Pharma and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The identification in a patient of 1 of the 50 variants in the\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RYR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CACNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1S\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    genes reviewed here should lead to a presumption of malignant hyperthermia susceptibility (MHS). MHS can lead to life\u2010threatening reactions to potent volatile anesthetic agents or succinylcholine. We summarize evidence from the literature supporting this association and provide therapeutic recommendations for the use of these agents in patients with these\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RYR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    or\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CACNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1S\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    variants (updates at\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/cpicpgx.org\/guidelines\">https:\/\/cpicpgx.org\/guidelines<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    and\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.pharmgkb.org\">www.pharmgkb.org<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,30]],"date-time":"2018-11-30T03:28:36Z","timestamp":1543548516000},"page":"1338-1344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (\n                    <scp>CPIC<\/scp>\n                    ) Guideline for the Use of Potent Volatile Anesthetic Agents and Succinylcholine in the Context of\n                    <i>\n                      <scp>RYR<\/scp>\n                      1\n                    <\/i>\n                    or\n                    <i>\n                      <scp>CACNA<\/scp>\n                      1S\n                    <\/i>\n                    Genotypes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Stephen G.","family":"Gonsalves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert T.","family":"Dirksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology &amp; Physiology University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katrin","family":"Sangkuhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Pulk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Pharmacy Innovation and Outcomes Geisinger Medical Center  Danville Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Alvarellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Practice College of Medicine Internal Medicine College of Pharmacy University of South Florida  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiko","family":"Hikino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Committee on Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenomics The University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Roden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teri E.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Mark","family":"Poler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Anesthesiology Geisinger Medical Center  Danville Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sephalie","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center  Tampa Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly E.","family":"Caudle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences St. Jude Children's Research Hospital  Memphis Tennessee USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology University of California San Diego  San Diego California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Brandom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Mercy Hospital UPMC North American MH Registry of MHAUS University of Pittsburgh Medical Center  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leslie G.","family":"Biesecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"},{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anclin.2017.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2012.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2044-5040-1-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-015-0310-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeq243"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aer132"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200606000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001878"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","unstructured":"Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC). Guidelines for RYR1 and CACNA. <https:\/\/cpicpgx.org\/guidelines\/cpic-guidelines-for-ryr1-and-cacna1s>."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2013.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200201000-00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/86.2.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aev225"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X1103900514"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181cbd815"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(200005)15:5<410::AID-HUMU2>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume-title":"GeneReviews\u00ae","author":"Rosenberg H.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2013.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2014.97"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000000063"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/10.22.2581"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20356"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aep204"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12713"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.23072"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324929.33780.2f"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.22056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2011.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000001877"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2011.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.38375"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1601868"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2952"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000325060.16532.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32370"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-198710000-00028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","unstructured":"MHAUS.Safe and unsafe anesthetics. <https:\/\/www.mhaus.org\/healthcare-professionals\/be-prepared\/safe-and-unsafe-anesthetics\/>. 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