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This change led to more rapid clinical development and earlier approvals of highly effective and well\u2010tolerated therapies, facilitating access to those in need. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a therapeutic area where mathematical modeling has proven helpful in understanding the drug mechanism and characterizing viral kinetics to inform therapy decisions. The availability of direct\u2010acting antivirals (DAAs) provides various treatment options for HIV\/HCV coinfected patients, but the complexity of predicting and managing drug\u2013drug interactions presents a unique challenge. Real\u2010world experience or noninterventional studies can provide insight regarding the safety and use of therapeutics that may not be readily available from traditional clinical trials. 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