{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T21:47:34Z","timestamp":1778881654510,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Pharma and Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral alkalization with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) or citrate is prescribed for conditions ranging from metabolic acidosis to nephrolithiasis. Although most nephrologists\/urologists use this method routinely, extracellular volume (ECV) increase is the main feared adverse event reported for NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>. Thus far, no trial has specifically studied this issue in a real\u2010world setting. AlcalUN (NCT03035812) is a multicentric, prospective, open\u2010label cohort study with nationwide (France) enrollment in 18 (public and private) nephrology\/urology units. Participants were adult outpatients requiring chronic (&gt;1\u00a0month) oral alkalization by either NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010containing or no\u2010NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\u2010containing agents. The ECV increase (primary outcome) was judged based on body weight increase (\u0394BW), blood pressure increase (\u0394BP), and\/or new\u2010onset edema at the first follow\u2010up visit (V1). From February 2017 to February 2020, 156 patients were enrolled. After a median 106\u00a0days of treatment, 91 (72%) patients reached the primary outcome. They had lower systolic (135 (125, 141) vs. 141 (130, 150)<jats:italic>, P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02) and diastolic (77 (67, 85) vs. 85 (73, 90), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03) BP values, a higher plasma chloride (106.0 (105.0, 109.0) vs. 105.0 (102.0, 107.0), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02) at baseline, and a less frequent history of nephrolithiasis (32 vs. 56%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02). Patients experienced mainly slight \u0394BP (&lt;\u00a010\u00a0mmHg). The primary outcome was not associated (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.79) with the study treatment (129 received NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> and 27 received citrate). We subsequently developed three different models of propensity score matching; each confirmed our results. Chronic oral alkalization with NaHCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> is no longer associated with an ECV increase compared to citrate in real\u2010life settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,26]],"date-time":"2021-09-26T12:29:23Z","timestamp":1632659363000},"page":"252-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sodium Bicarbonate Prescription and Extracellular Volume Increase: Real\u2010world Data Results from the AlcalUN Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Beaume","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AVODD HIA Sainte\u2010Anne Toulon France"},{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucile","family":"Figueres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"DIVAT Consortium Nantes France"},{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie et d\u2019immunologie clinique ITUN, CHU de Nantes Universit\u00e9 de Nantes Nantes France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Micka\u00ebl","family":"Bobot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Centre de N\u00e9phrologie et Transplantation R\u00e9nale Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille H\u00f4pital de la Conception Marseille France"},{"name":"C2VN, INSERM 1263, INRAE 1260 Aix\u2010Marseille Universit\u00e9 Marseille France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"de Laforcade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Service Endocrinologie\u2010N\u00e9phrologie Centre Hospitalier Pierre Oudot Bourgoin\u2010Jallieu France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"Ayari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal and Metabolic Diseases Unit European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thibault","family":"Dolley\u2010Hitze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de dialyse de Saint\u2010Malo Fondation AUB Sant\u00e9 Saint\u2010Malo France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Gueutin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie\u2010Dialyse AURA Paris Plaisance Paris France"},{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie H\u00f4pital de La Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Braconnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie Dialyse et Transplantation R\u00e9nale CHU Reims H\u00f4pital Maison Blanche Reims France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9onard","family":"Golbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Service de N\u00e9phrologie Dialyse et Transplantation R\u00e9nale CHU Rennes H\u00f4pital Pontchaillou Rennes France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Citarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Centre associatif lyonnais de dialyse (Calydial) Irigny France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Seret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre ECHO P\u00f4le Sant\u00e9 Sud Le Mans France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Bela\u00efd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de dialyse de Saint\u2010Malo Fondation AUB Sant\u00e9 Saint\u2010Malo France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal and Metabolic Diseases Unit European Georges Pompidou Hospital, AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yosu","family":"Luque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Club des Jeunes N\u00e9phrologues Paris France"},{"name":"Urgences N\u00e9phrologiques et Transplantation R\u00e9nale H\u00f4pital Tenon AP\u2010HP UMR_S1155 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Larceneux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, UMR (7088), DRM, (ERMES) Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Dauphine PSL Research University Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riyad N. 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