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We postulate that individualized dosing reduces the incidence of neutropenia. The aims of this study were (i) to investigate the costs of pemetrexed\u2010related neutropenia and (ii) to determine the pharmacoeconomic benefits of individualized dosing of pemetrexed in terms of budget impact, yearly cost savings, and reduction in severe neutropenia. Retrospective data on the treatment of grade 3 or higher neutropenia during pemetrexed\u2010based chemotherapy were collected from three Dutch hospitals to determine the mean healthcare consumption during a neutropenic episode. Subsequently, Monte Carlo simulations were performed using a validated pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic model to predict the neutropenia incidence during four cycles for standard dosing of pemetrexed and individualized dosing. The mean costs per neutropenia and the expected neutropenia incidence were combined to calculate the budget impact and cost savings. We found that the average costs per pemetrexed\u2010associated neutropenic episode to be \u20ac1,490 (US $1,674). The neutropenia incidence for the standard and individualized pemetrexed dosing strategies were 12.7% and 9.9%, respectively. This resulted in total expected neutropenia\u2010related costs of ~ \u20ac3.0 million (US $3.372 million) and \u20ac2.4 million (US $2.697 million), respectively. Taking the number of patients eligible for pemetrexed treatment into account, individualized dosing could result in saving \u20ac686,000 (US $770,995) on a yearly basis in the Netherlands alone. Individualized dosing of pemetrexed can decrease the incidence of neutropenia and thus result in a significant decrease in neutropenia\u2010related costs and decreased risk of hospitalization or even death while maintaining therapeutic exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.2529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,20]],"date-time":"2022-01-20T08:09:40Z","timestamp":1642666180000},"page":"1103-1110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Pharmacoeconomic Benefits of Pemetrexed Dose Individualization in Patients With Lung Cancer"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1991-0552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikki","family":"de Rouw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences  Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Jeroen Bosch Hospital  \u2019s\u2010Hertogenbosch The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merel","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 J.","family":"Boosman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy &amp; Pharmacology Antoni van Leeuwenhoek \u2013 The Netherlands Cancer Institute  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel M.","family":"van den Heuvel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris E.","family":"Lieverse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Pharmacy Haga Teaching Hospital  The Hague The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hieronymus J.","family":"Derijks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences  Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Jeroen Bosch Hospital  \u2019s\u2010Hertogenbosch The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert W.J.","family":"Frederix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Centre Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob","family":"ter Heine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Health Sciences  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Planchard D.et al. 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(2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"Dutch Integral Cancer Center.NKR Cijfers (Dutch Cancer Registry Numbers)<https:\/\/iknl.nl\/>. 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